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Energies 2021, 14, 6805 44 of 72 3. Applications of Lithium Sorption Technology As discussed above, there are a number of different approaches being investigated for the direct extraction of lithium from brines. The most advanced technologies are in the realm of solid adsorbents and most commercialized lithium recovery processes are based on using molecular sieve ion-exchange sorbents for the extraction of lithium. 3.1. Patented Lithium Adsorption Technology There is a significant body of patented technology that is directed at developing or improving molecular sieve ion-exchange sorbents for the extraction of lithium from brine (Tables 7, 8 and 11). The earliest patents found date from the 1970s and describe AlOH-based sorbents [79,84,85]. These sorbents continue to be developed for commercial application (Table 7) (e.g., [131,132]). Molecular sieve ion exchange based on MnOx and other metal oxide sorbents are now patented and under development for application in geothermal systems (Tables 8 and 11) (e.g., [128,150,258]). To our knowledge, so far only aluminum-based sorbents have been applied at full or pilot scale for the extraction and recovery of lithium from geothermal brines [129,130,133–135], although both MnOx and TiOx adsorbents are being proposed for use in geothermal lithium demonstration projects. Aluminum-based adsorbents are reported to have recoveries below 60% for lithium in practice [128]. Table 11. Patents associated with Lilac Solutions or D. H. Snydacker. Year US Patent or Application 2017 2017/0217796 2017 2017/0229742 2018 2018/0133619 2018 10,150,056 2019 2019/0256987 2019 2019/0044126 2019 2019/0273245 2019 10,505,178 2019 2019/0046898 2019 10,439,200 2019 2019/0088991 2020 2020/0232105 2020 2020/0165699 2020 2020/0289958 2020 2020/0230591 Inventor D. H. Snydacker, V. I. Hegde, M. Aykol and C. M. Wolverton M. Aykol, S. Kim, S. Hao, Z. Lu, V. I. Hegde, D. H. Snydacker, S. J. Kirklin, D. Morgan and C. M. Wolverton D. H. Snydacker D. H. Snydacker D. H. Snydacker, A. J. Grant and R. A. Zarkesh D. H. Snydacker, A. J. Grant and R. A. Zarkesh D. H. Snydacker, A. J. Grant and R. A. Zarkesh D. H. Snydacker, A. J. Grant and R. A. Zarkesh D. H. Snydacker D. H. Snydacker, A. J. Grant and R. A. Zarkesh V. I. Hegde, D. H. Snydacker and C. M. Wolverton D. H. Snydacker, A. J. Grant and R. A. Zarkesh D. H. Snydacker, A. J. Grant and R. A. Zarkesh D. H. Snydacker D. H. Snydacker Assignee Northwestern University Northwestern University Lilac Solutions, Inc. Lilac Solutions, Inc. Lilac Solutions, Inc. Lilac Solutions, Inc. Lilac Solutions, Inc. Lilac Solutions, Inc. Lilac Solutions, Inc. Lilac Solutions, Inc. Northwestern University Lilac Solutions, Inc. Lilac Solutions, Inc. Lilac Solutions, Inc. Lilac Solutions, Inc. Title Compounds for lithium extraction via ion exchange Protective cathode coatings for lithium-ion batteries Lithium extraction with coated ion-exchange particles Lithium extraction with coated ion-exchange particles Integrated system for lithium extraction and conversion Ion-exchange system for lithium extraction Ion-exchange system for lithium extraction Ion-exchange system for lithium extraction Lithium extraction with coated ion-exchange particles Ion-exchange system for lithium extraction Protective anode coatings for high energy batteries Integrated system for lithium extraction and conversion Ion-exchange system for lithium extraction Lithium extraction with coated ion-exchange particles Lithium extraction with porous ion-exchange beadsPDF Image | Recovery of Lithium from Geothermal Brines
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)