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MDC could effectively recover lithium along with water purification because of its unique mass transfer characteristics. However, membrane fouling and the related wetting phenomena restrict its widespread application. To solve these problems, the fabrication of a super-hydrophobic membrane with anti-fouling properties is the key to preventing wetting and mitigating membrane fouling. Meanwhile, the optimisation of the MD configuration and the enhancement of mass and heat transfer are key factors for the reduction in energy consumption. As a mature technology, future studies should be focused on the accomplishment of full-scale applications. Further, the lithium extraction processes involving SLM, IIM and LISM have not been successfully used in the industry because of the inefficient lithium adsorption/desorption cycle. These processes suffer from the low efficiency of lithium recovery. Future work should focus on the development of novel lithium separation membranes with higher lithium selectivity and better economic applicability. More importantly, to intensify the ion-exchange rates of Li+ in the adsorbent layer, an electric driving force could be used to enhance the efficiency of the lithium recovery system. Hence, the electrical drive technologies involving PSMCDI and S-ED have attracted considerable attention. Unfortunately, they still face some technical and economic barriers, mainly their relatively low production efficiency and the high investment capital required during the industrial-scale applications. The development of a cost-effective cation-exchange membrane with oxidation tolerance for high lithium-ion selectivity remains a challenge for further study. The electrode design is also a key to improving the performance of the PSMCDI technology. More efforts should be focused on developing new porous and cost-effective counter-electrodes for the reduction of the cost and the enhancement of the lithium recovery efficiency and regeneration performance. In particular, some fundamental research has been actively encouraged to obtain a deep understanding of the mechanisms of 29PDF Image | Membrane based technologies for lithium recovery from water lithium
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)