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Fig. 7. Schematic illustration of PSMCDI lithium recovery system of (a) adsorption and (b) desorption processes. Figure obtained from reference [100] with copyright permission from Elsevier Publications. In brief, this PSMMCDI process presents an alternative practical and eco-friendly lithium recovery technology without the use of any toxic agents. Further studies should be focused on the optimisation of the electrical potential systematic process and the increase in the desorption efficiency by using real salt-lake or Li-spiked waters. 3. Economic evaluation Lithium recovery from salt-lake brine is more attractive than that from sea water because the latter suffers from a low extraction amount and a high production cost. The production cost from seawater is estimated to be USD 80 kg–1, which is considerably higher than that from salt-lake brine (USD 2–3 kg–1) [10]. The cost of lithium extraction includes capital cost, operation cost, and maintenance cost. The capital cost mainly includes the costs related to equipment, construction of plants and land. Operational costs include the energy cost (e.g. electric power) and the costs of equipment replacement and maintenance, consumables, and labour. The costs and energy consumption of the various lithium recovery processes are summarised in Table 2. Table 2. Cost and energy consumption of lithium recovery processes Resources Salt-Lake brine Synthetic brine Synthetic brine Process NF, precipitation, evaporation MDC Energy consumption 35–48 kWh kg–1 product 9 kWh kg–1 product Cost requirements Refs. USD 5–7 kg–1 product [110–111] USD 2.18 kg–1 product [69] [81] Precipitation, clarification, filtration, evaporation, 6–21 kWh kg–1 product USD 3.86 kg–1 product 24PDF Image | Membrane based technologies for lithium recovery from water lithium
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)