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Table 3. Summary of DLE Project Economics Company SRI International Vulcan Energy Resources Standard Lithium E3 Metals Corp Anson Resources Pure Energy Minerals Lake Resources Project Salton Sea Upper Rhine Valley Lanxess Smackover Clearwater Paradox Stage 3 (Li)* Clayton Valley Kachi Location California, USA SW Germany Arkansas, USA Alberta, Canada Utah, USA Nevada, USA Argentina Document DOE, CEC reports PFS PEA PEA PEA PEA PFS Brine type Geothermal Geothermal Evaporite (Br tail brine) Oilfield Evaporite Evaporite Salar Resource (1,000 kg LCE) NA 15,850,000 3,140,000 2,200,000 192,000 217,700 1,010,000 Lithium concentration (mg/L) 400 181 168 74.6 100–500 65–221 289 Production (mt/yr) 20,000** 40,000 20,900 20,000 15,000 11,500 25,500 Production cost ($/mt) 3,845 3,217*** 4,319 3,656**** 4,545 3,217***** 4,178 CAPEX ($1,000) 52,300 1,287,600 437,162 602,000 120,000 358,601 544,000 OPEX ($1,000/yr) 76,900 128,688 90,259 73,200 68,180 36,516 106,539 Modeled product price ($/mt) 12,000 14,925 13,550 15,160 13,000 12,267 11,000 Pre-tax IRR (%) 268 31 41.8 32 106 24 25 Technology Ion exchange Adsorption Ion exchange Ion exchange Ion exchange Solvent extraction****** Ion exchange Lithium recovery 90% 90% 90% >90% 75% 90% 83.20% Product Li2CO3 Bench-scale testing and ASPEN modeling of hybrid sorbent with nanostructured manganese oxide embedded within Li- imprinted polymer beads using synthetic brine. LiOH·H2O Known geothermal resource with measured chemistry and temperature. Bench-scale testing of two commercially available adsorbents using Upper Rhine Valley brine. Li2CO3 Bench- and mini-pilot- scale confirmation of process using ceramic adsorbent and crystallization process to convert concentrated LiCl into high-purity Li2CO3. LiOH·H2O Bench-scale testing demonstrated high Li selectivity and recovery. Full process yet to be tested. Li2CO3 Multi-stage development with stage 3 producing 60,000 mt/yr NaBr and 15,000 mt/yr Li2CO3. Production cost reported as All- in Sustaining Cost. LiOH·H2O Bench-scale testing of brine and synthetic equivalents informed the solvent extraction process developed by Tenova. Li2CO3 Nano-coated, porous ion exchange beads, tailored composition, and continuous column process. Comments *Estimated based on lithium component of operations; Phase 3 PEA retracted in June 2020 due to amounts of inferred resources. This does not affect estimates of CAPEX and OPEX. **Estimated commercial production with costs and performance informed by bench-scale experiments and ASPEN modeling (Ventura et al. 2020). ***Euro to USD exchange rate 1.2; $3,656/mt Li2CO3. ****$4,155/mt Li2CO3 ****$3,656/mt Li2CO3 *****An ion exchange polishing step might be required prior to electrolysis to convert Li2SO4 to LiOH. 12 This report is available at no cost from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) at www.nrel.gov/publications.PDF Image | Lithium Extraction from Geothermal Brines
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)