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Ventura et al. (2016) report an estimated lithium production cost of $3,845/mt LCE using ion- imprinted polymer sorbents and synthetic Salton Sea brine (Table 2; Appendix A). This study is possibly the most relevant to consideration of the cost of lithium extraction from Salton Sea brines because it describes experiments with Salton Sea brine compositions. Absent cost and performance data from the Simbol pilot projects, understanding of the performance and costs of DLE are limited to modeling that scales up bench- and mini-pilot-scale experimental results. Geothermal operators at the Salton Sea are planning lithium extraction at various scales, and some of these companies have communicated cost estimates to the public. Outside of the United States, hybrid power production and lithium extraction from geothermal brines are proposed in the Upper Rhine Valley of southwestern Germany. Three operating power plants demonstrate the potential for geothermal power generation, while bench-scale studies of sorbents and Upper Rhine Valley geothermal fluid indicate the potential to extract >90% of lithium from brine containing 181 mg/kg lithium (Vulcan Energy Resources 2020). The companies discussed herein have submitted Preliminary Economic Assessments (PEA) for their DLE projects to Canadian stock exchanges (publicly available) or Pre-Feasibility Studies (PFS) to Australian stock exchanges (public availability determined by company boards of directors). Canada’s National Instrument 43-101 provides for a Qualified Person applying standards and best practices in the reporting of mineral resources, including assessment of the methods and economics of their extraction, and Australian exchanges require compliance (Joint Ore Reserves Committee [JORC] standards) with similar requirements. A PEA is an economic analysis of the potential viability of a resource extraction that is meant to inform markets and investors about the economic potential of the project; however, a PEA or PFS is not a guarantee of project success. Some of the oilfield and evaporite brine projects have advanced to pilot scale and provide confidence in the technical feasibility of DLE, and with reasonable assumptions, the PEA and PFS cost estimates can provide guidance for estimating costs of lithium extraction from geothermal brines. Table 3 summarizes reported DLE economics for geothermal, oilfield, evaporite, and salar brine types. 11 This report is available at no cost from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) at www.nrel.gov/publications.PDF Image | Lithium Extraction from Geothermal Brines
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)