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Chapter 1. Introduction Lithium is one of the critical metals in today’s world, and the demand for lithium is now sharply increasing due to the accelerating use of energy storage systems containing lithium ion batteries. While lithium is obtained from mineral ores or brines, lithium from brines is now getting more attention since brines are known to have more reserves than ores.2 Brines containing lithium exist mainly in the “lithium triangle” of Argentina, Bolivia and Chile in South America.3,4 There are also a lot of medium size or small size of brines deposits around the world including oilfield brines and geothermal brines. Since brines which contains a higher concentration of lithium have been preferentially mined in the past decades, conventional solar evaporation processes, which require vast areas and an enormous amount of time, have been utilized as a major method to concentrate and recover lithium. However, new processes now need to be developed in order to meet the accelerating demand by mining brines with a lower concentration of lithium. To recover lithium efficiently from low concentration resources, new processes should be more rapid, lithium- selective, and small-scale than the solar evaporation process. Therefore, some researchers have proposed new rapid processes such as ion exchange resin5–8, solvent extraction9,10, inorganic absorbent such as aluminum oxide11–16, manganese oxide17–20, titanium oxide21,22 and ferric phosphate23–25, phosphate precipitation26,27, nanofiltration28–30, membrane electrolysis31–34. Some of them are now used commercially or under a pilot test. However, there is no established process other than solar evaporation. This thesis focused on two processes out of the available options: ion exchange resin and ferric phosphate adsorption. -1-PDF Image | LITHIUM EXTRACTION FROM BRINE using ion resin
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |