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Chapter 5 β Production of Few Layer Graphene in Organic Solvents the range of 83-86 cm-1 (Figure 5.11b). The FWHM(2D) is found to hardly to vary with different sonication time and centrifugation speed. The G band position, D band position and FWHM(D), were invariant with the various sonication time and centrifugation speeds as shown in Figure 5.11c,e,f. Whereas a slight increase in FWHM(G) is observed (Figure 5.11d). However, the lack of significant broadening of the G band and D band confirms that there are no major disruptions to the basal plane as in the case of GO (for GO, FWHM(G) and FWHM(D) > 100 cm-1).173 The position of the G band remained at 1580 Β± 1 cm-1 for all conditions suggesting that the graphene produced is not heavily doped.55, 354, 355 The position of the D band remained fairly unchanged at 1331 Β± 1 cm-1, for all conditions. Figure 5.12: a) Mean πΌ2π·βπΌπΊ ratio, b) Mean πΌπ·βπΌπΊ ratio as a function of sonication time with different centrifugation speeds. Highlighted regions show effect of centrifugation speeds at one sonication time (60 hr). Figure 5.12 shows the mean πΌ2π·βπΌπΊ and πΌπ·βπΌπΊ ratio as a function of different sonication time. It is well-known that πΌ2π·βπΌπΊ > 2 is one of the characteristic Raman features of a monolayer graphene.48 Ni et al. shown the intensity of G band increases as the number of graphene layers increases.251 It has also been suggested that number of graphene layers is sensitive to πΌ2π·βπΌπΊ ratio.250, 252 It can been seen from Figure 5.12a that as sonication time increases, the πΌ2π·βπΌπΊ increases slightly at a given centrifugation speed (e.g., at 6000 rpm, πΌ2π·βπΌπΊ ratio changes from 0.47 Β± 0.1 at 24 hr to 0.53 Β± 0.1 at 60 hr). Similarly, as the centrifugation speed increases (highlighted region), the πΌ2π·βπΌπΊ ratio increases (e.g., at 60 hr, πΌ2π·βπΌπΊ ratio changes from 0.48 Β± 0.1 at 2000 rpm to 0.55 Β± 0.1 at 147PDF Image | PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS OF GRAPHENE AND ITS COMPOSITES
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