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Chapter 5 β Production of Few Layer Graphene in Organic Solvents Figure 5.9: Representative Raman spectra of FLG/NMP. a) Effect of sonication time (at constant centrifugation speed). b) Effect of centrifugation speed (at constant sonication time). Spectra for starting graphite shown ((πΌπ·βπΌπΊ)ππππhππ‘π ratio ~0.08) is also shown for comparison. All spectra were taken using 633 nm (He-Ne) laser. Dashed line indicates intensity variations between G and D band for various conditions. In general, all the spectra are similar to those reported in the literature for liquid- phase exfoliated graphene.54, 60, 62, 67, 69, 77 One significant difference between the samples (at different conditions) is the intensity variations of the D and G band, as highlighted by dashed lines in Figure 5.9. The intensity of the D band increases slightly as the sonication time increases (Figure 5.9a), but the intensity increases drastically as the centrifugation speed increases (Figure 5.9b). As will be explained later in section 5.2.3.2, the intensity increases are caused mainly because of the edge effects rather than other defects types. The Raman spectra obtained on FLG/DMF graphene films were also very similar as of FLG/NMP and is shown in Appendix 9.1. 144PDF Image | PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS OF GRAPHENE AND ITS COMPOSITES
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