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Processes 2020, 8, 388 2 of 14 nanoparticles ranging between 1 and 100 nanometers have drawn great attention towards potential applications in multi-disciplinary areas such as biomedicine, environment, biotechnology, drug delivery, and nanomedicine [1]. Physical and chemical methods for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles are limited because of its costly equipment’s, toxicity, and environmental damage [2]. Currently, green-approach technology is attracting consideration due to its being a biogenic, non-toxic, and cheap approach that has become a central focusing area of research, leading to explore various types of bio-reducing agents. Many researchers reported that microbes, plants and their products, such as Ananas comosus (L.), Cynara scolymus, Oscillatoria limnetica, and Phoenix sylvestris L., have been used as bio-reducing agents [3–6] to design and manipulate the metal particles for acquiring unique shape and size. The constantly increasing antibiotic resistance in clinical strains is a serious concern to global health sector that needs an urgent action. Therefore, discovering the new substitutes to the presently applied antibiotics has become an essential task. Nayak et al synthesized crystalline and spherical AgNPs using bark extracts showedantibacterial activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria [7]. However, silver nanoparticles have been utilized in various sectors mainly in health and medicine industry because of its excellent antimicrobial properties [8]. The biofilm formation is a critical method applied by different pathogenic bacteria to stay lively in environment. Biofilm forming microbes can cause numerous serious infections such as eye, skin, wound urinary and heart leading high mortality and morbidity due to biomedical devices [9]. Traditional treatment for bacterial infection is commonly based on bactericidal or bacterial static agents. Some pathogens showed protection against drugs due to the development of biofilm. Furthermore, in the virulence of various pathogenic microbes, biofilms play a vital role as well. In these circumstances, the bioscience and pharmaceutical applications have been revolutionized due to the discovery of new biocide targeting biofilm [10]. According to the National Institute of Health (NIH), approximately sixty percent of microbial infections have been found to be association of biofilm. Various biofilm associated bacteria have proven ineffective to chemical disinfectants, germicides, and antibiotics [11]. All over the world, women breast cancer has grown an immense concern, particularly with treatment procedures which can cause adverse side effects [12]. Nowadays, different types of cancer are spreading day by day, so there is an immediate requirement to discover and identify new anticancer drugs with less side effects on the immune system [13]. In spite of various attempts, chemotherapy of cancerous cells is not fully successful due to multi drug resistance [14]. However, silver nanoparticles have been demonstrated for potential role in anticancer activity [15]. Black seed is indigenous to North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Southern Europe and it is farmed in many countries like Saudi Arabia, Middle Eastern Mediterranean region, India, Pakistan, South Europe, Turkey, Syria. Nigella sativa posesses therapeutic potential and biological activities and it acquires broad spectrum of activities such as antioxidant, diuretic, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anticancer, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, anti-schistosomiasis, anti-inflammatory, analgesics, bronchodilator, spasmolytic, hepatoprotective, gastro protective, and renal protective [16]. Nigella sativa oil is multipurpose product with nutritional and medicinal properties [17]. Several studies have shown the application of AgNPs in different fields, but scanty reports are available to exhibit the role of AgNPs as anti-biofilm activity as well as anti-cancerous activity. The aim of the current study was (i) biosynthesis of AgNps using seed extract of Nigella sativa, (ii) characterization of prepared AgNPs by different sophisticated techniques, (iii) investigation of antibacterial and anti-biofilm potential of synthesized AgNPs against different bacterial strains for biomedical application, and (iv) evaluation of the cytotoxic effect of biosynthesized AgNPs on human breast cancer (HCC-712) cell line for therapeutic application in the treatment of breast cancer.PDF Image | Silver Nanoparticles Seed Extract Nigella sativa blackseed
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