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applied sciences Article Textile Wastewater Treatment on a Spinning Disc Reactor: Characteristics, Performances, and Empirical Modeling Eugenia Teodora Iacob Tudose 1 and Carmen Zaharia 2,* 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 D.Mangeron Blvd, 700050 Iasi, Romania; eugenia.iacob2017@gmail.com Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 2 73 D.Mangeron Blvd, 700050 Iasi, Romania * Correspondence: czah@ch.tuiasi.ro; Tel.: +40-2-3227-8683 (ext. 2175) Received: 13 November 2020; Accepted: 2 December 2020; Published: 4 December 2020 Featured Application: Textile effluent treatment step for solids and color removal using the spinning disc technology. Abstract: Spinning disc (SD) technology has been successfully applied, for the first time, in real textile wastewater treatment with no other additional processing. The SD efficiency was investigated using real textile effluents to study the color and suspended solids removals at different effluent-supplying flowrates (10–30 L/h) and different disc rotational speeds (100–1500 rpm) with good experimental results; thus, it can minimize the polluting loads within a short time period. Furthermore, within this study, process modeling and its classical optimization were applied to SD technology for wastewater treatment. The experiments were organized according to an active central composite rotatable 23 order design, considering as independent variables the wastewater flowrate, rotational speed, and operating time and, as optimization criteria, the suspended solids removal and discoloration degree. Overall, this novel study proved that the SD technology applied in textile effluent treatment is a suitable alternative to a primary mechanical step. Keywords: empirical modeling; rotation speed; spinning disc technology; suspended solids removal; textile wastewater treatment 1. Introduction The role of new techniques applied in environmental treatments and the necessity of environmental system analysis have been outlined in recent years [1,2]. Spinning disc (SD) technology is one of the recognized technologies for process intensification [3–5], with applications in different physical and chemical processes. The working principle of the SD relies on centrifugal force acting on the liquid fed at the center of a spinning disc [6], resulting in a rippled thin liquid film characterized by an advanced turbulence and a high mixing intensity, which enables increased transport phenomena such as heat and mass transfers. Spinning disc technology has been used successfully for polymer production [7,8], in the food and pharmaceutical industries [9,10], for nanoparticle manufacturing [11], in enzymatic reactions [12], and in biodiesel synthesis [13]. In wastewater treatment technologies, the spinning disc with a nanostructured thin film of ZnO and TiO2 photocatalysts has been used for the degradation of some pollutants, such as methyl orange and rhodamine B dye or 4-chlorobenzoic acid [14–16]. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 8687; doi:10.3390/app10238687 www.mdpi.com/journal/applsciPDF Image | Textile Wastewater Treatment on a Spinning Disc Reactor
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