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RPSEA Project 07122-12 TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCED WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES 1st Edition EVALUATION CRITERIA This review broadly documents state-of-the-art research and development efforts in produced water treatment. The technologies and configurations identified in the review are technically assessed in terms of several important criteria, which are summarized in Table 1. The technologies are evaluated based on water quality bins: (i) feed water quality, and particularly salinity and constituents of concern for treatment processes (e.g., hydrocarbons, suspended solids, hardness, silica, barium, iron, manganese, boron); (ii) product water quality and its relation to water quality requirements for different produced water discharge regulations and beneficial use applications, including surface water discharge, agriculture irrigation, life stock irrigation, and USEPA drinking water standards. Another key criterion in the technical assessment is production efficiency in terms of product water recovery, which is directly related to waste (liquid or solids) generated on site that has to be disposed offsite. Other key criteria included power requirements, chemicals used, enclosure and footprint, reliability, robustness, costs, O&M considerations, pretreatment and post treatment requirements, and concentrate management options. The applicability of the technology in produced water treatment is qualitatively scored from poor to excellent. The ranking is based on: Poor - the technology can not be used to treat CBM produced water Moderate - there are significant hurdles, but under certain circumstances the technology may be appropriate for treatment of CBM produced water. Good – the technology has merit, but there may be some factors that limit its broad utilization for treatment of CBM produced water. Excellent – the technology can be used for treatment of CBM produced water and is commercially available. The technology can be deployed in the field (with appropriate pretreatment or design considerations) and will perform its desired function. The goal of this report is to provide potential users with an objective and unbiased technical assessment. In addition to the description of the technology theory and key technical and economic considerations listed in Table 1, the report summarizes important findings from field trials, pilot studies, or bench scale studies. The report expands on benefits and limitations of each treatment technology based on previous studies. This report is a synthesis of published material, including peer-reviewed journal articles, conference presentations and proceedings, technical reports, contract reports, reviews, feasibility analysis, annual reports, media reports, and information posted on vender’s website and brochures. Although the report delimits between manufacturer claims and peer-reviewed scientific data through the case studies, the users should be aware that, for some technologies/processes, manufacturer brochures are the only available source for information. 3PDF Image | TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCED WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
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