PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 001
membranes Review Electrodialytic Processes: Market Overview, Membrane Phenomena, Recent Developments and Sustainable Strategies Laurent Bazinet * and Thibaud R. Geoffroy Department of Food Sciences, Laboratoire de Transformation Alimentaire et Procédés ÉlectroMembranaires (LTAPEM, Laboratory of Food Processing and Electromembrane Processes), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Dairy Research Center (STELA), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada; thibaud.geoffroy.1@ulaval.ca * Correspondence: laurent.bazinet@fsaa.ulaval.ca; Tel.: +1-418-656-2131 (ext. 407445); Fax: +1-418-656-3353 Received: 14 August 2020; Accepted: 31 August 2020; Published: 2 September 2020 Abstract: In the context of preserving and improving human health, electrodialytic processes are very promising perspectives. Indeed, they allow the treatment of water, preservation of food products, production of bioactive compounds, extraction of organic acids, and recovery of energy from natural and wastewaters without major environmental impact. Hence, the aim of the present review is to give a global portrait of the most recent developments in electrodialytic membrane phenomena and their uses in sustainable strategies. It has appeared that new knowledge on pulsed electric fields, electroconvective vortices, overlimiting conditions and reversal modes as well as recent demonstrations of their applications are currently boosting the interest for electrodialytic processes. However, the hurdles are still high when dealing with scale-ups and real-life conditions. Furthermore, looking at the recent research trends, potable water and wastewater treatment as well as the production of value-added bioactive products in a circular economy will probably be the main applications to be developed and improved. All these processes, taking into account their principles and specificities, can be used for specific eco-efficient applications. However, to prove the sustainability of such process strategies, more life cycle assessments will be necessary to convince people of the merits of coupling these technologies. Keywords: electrodialysis; ion-exchange membranes; desalination; wastewater remediation; food coproduct valorization; fouling; salinity gradient power; electroconvection; pulsed electric field; eco-efficiency; sustainable development 1. Introduction As shown recently by the Covid-19 sanitary crisis, the major global issue of the modern society is the protection of the human health. The quality of the water that people drink, the food they eat and the environment in which they live is the most important factor affecting human health. Indeed, according to the World Health Organization, 29% of the global population (2.2 billion people) globally lack access to safe water at home [1] while waterborne and foodborne diarrheal diseases are responsible for the death of an estimated two-million people annually, mostly children [2]. Furthermore, from longstanding to emerging hazards, environmental factors are a root cause of a significant burden of death, disease and disability, and the resulting impacts are estimated to cause about 25% of death and disease worldwide [3]. In this context of preserving and improving human health, electrodialytic processes are very promising perspectives. Indeed, these processes allow the treatment of water, preservation of food Membranes 2020, 10, 221; doi:10.3390/membranes10090221 www.mdpi.com/journal/membranesPDF Image | Electrodialytic Processes
PDF Search Title:
Electrodialytic ProcessesOriginal File Name Searched:
membranes-10-00221.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)