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Crystals 2018, 8, 425 9 of 12 Table 1. Chemical composition (wt%) of the electrodes determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) with the particles in Figure 6b,d,f,g. Sample fresh pristine LNCM cycled pristine LNCM fresh Cl&Br co-doped LNCM cycled Cl&Br co-doped LNCM Ni (wt%) 20.04 22.75 22.11 21.56 Co (wt%) 19.40 22.40 21.72 20.52 Mn (wt%) 18.39 19.60 20.07 19.16 Molar Ratio of Ni:Co:Mn 0.340:0.327:0.333 0.345:0.338:0.317 0.339:0.332:0.329 0.345:0.327:0.328 Figure 7. XRD patterns of the synthesized LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 electrodes after 100 cycles: (a) Cl&Br co-doped LNCM; (b) Pristine LNCM. Electrochemical impedance spectra measurements were carried out for the pristine LNCM and Cl and Br co-doped LNCM electrodes after the first and 100th cycle. The obtained results are shown in Figure 8. The impedance plots show a high-frequency intercept at the Z’ axis, a broad depressed semicircle, and a straight line in the low-frequency region. The high-frequency intercept is due to the ohmic resistance (Rs). The depressed semicircle is related to the formation of a surface layer on the active material and the intercalation/deintercalation of lithium ions into/from the electrodes. An equivalent circuit used to fit the spectra is shown in the inset of Figure 8a [35]. The spectra are fitted using a combination of surface film and charge transfer resistance, R(sei+ct), and the corresponding constant phase element (CPE). The R(sei+ct) values of the pristine LNCM and Cl and Br co-doped LNCM after the first/100th cycle are calculated as 142 Ω/308 Ω and 59 Ω/104 Ω, respectively. Cl and Br co-doped LNCM has a smaller R (sei+ct) value than the pristine one. The reduced R (sei+ct) value favored the electrochemical reaction upon lithium ion intercalation/deintercalation, which implied the enhanced the cyclic stability. These results are in accordance with the electrochemical charge–discharge test.PDF Image | Enhanced High Voltage Performance of Chlorine Bromine
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)