PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 009
confirmed that the 5S 4P module with 78.88 Wh and 24.37–26.2 W could operate the light buoy. But in order to actually use the battery on the light buoy, it must also have energy in consideration for situations in which solar power cannot be used for up to 7 days due to bad weather. Therefore, for practical applications, additional research is needed to increase the energy density. Conclusions In order to expand the application range of SWBs, the SWB module with high operating voltage and high power was demon- strated. In this paper, the following three studies were conducted: (1) Design anode cells connectors with water-proof function for prevent short-circuit, (2) Arrangement of cathode current collector for minimizing current imbalance, (3) 5 Series 4 Parallel module design tested for 12 V, 15 W applications. As a result, the new anode cell connector was designed with water-proof function for prevent short- circuit. In addition, to minimize current imbalance, the arrangement of cathode current collector was compared. Based on these designs, the cycle lives of 145 cycles in 5 parallel SWB module was achieved. Through the fabrication of 5S 4P SWB module and performance evaluation, 77.88 Wh and 24.2–26.2 W were recorded, showing an increase in energy of 19.87 times and an increase of power by 11.5 times compared to a unit cell. Additionally, the applicability of SWB to a marine equipment is confirmed through the test under operating conditions of light buoy. This study provides the groundwork for future research on SWB modules. In the future, it will be important to thoroughly analyze the causes of cell deviations in SWBs to enhance the cycle life of module. Additionally, further research on material and design in module should be performed to enhance the energy density and power density, which is essential to expansion of SWBs area. Acknowledgments This study was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant funded by the MOTIE (20215610100040, Development of 20 Wh seawater sec- ondary battery unit cell and also supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2020R1A4A1019568). 4. C. S. Chin, J. Jia, J. H. K. Chiew, W. Da Toh, Z. Gao, C. Zhang, and J. McCann, “System design of underwater battery power system for marine and offshore industry.” Journal of Energy Storage, 21, 724 (2019). 5. A. D. Papanikolaou, “Review of the design and technology challenges of zero- emission, battery-driven fast marine vehicles.” Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 8, 941 (2020). 6. J. Jung, L. Zhang, and J. Zhang, Lead-Acid Battery Technologies: Fundamentals, Materials, and Applications (CRC Press, New York, NY) 8 (2015). 7. B. Scrosati, J. Hassoun, and Y.-K. Sun, “Lithium-ion batteries. A look into the future.” Energy Environ. Sci., 4, 3287 (2011). 8. S. Sathiakumar, “An investigation on the suitable battery system for marine applications.” School of Electrical and Information Engineering (University of Sydney, Sydney) (2006). 9. D. Berndt, “Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries.” J. Power Sources, 100, 29 (2001). 10. S. M. Hwang, J. S. Park, Y. Kim, W. Go, J. Han, Y. Kim, and Y. Kim, “Rechargeable seawater batteries—from concept to applications.” Adv. Mater., 31, 1804936 (2019). 11. J. Han, S. M. Hwang, W. Go, S. Senthilkumar, D. Jeon, and Y. Kim, “Development of coin-type cell and engineering of its compartments for rechargeable seawater batteries.” J. Power Sources, 374, 24 (2018). 12. Y. Kim, A. M. Harzandi, J. Lee, Y. Choi, and Y. Kim, “Design of large‐scale rectangular cells for rechargeable seawater batteries.” Advanced Sustainable Systems, 5, 2000106 (2021). 13. S. Paul, C. Diegelmann, H. Kabza, and W. Tillmetz, “Analysis of ageing inhomogeneities in lithium-ion battery systems.” J. Power Sources, 239, 642 (2013). 14. K. Rumpf, A. Rheinfeld, M. Schindler, J. Keil, T. Schua, and A. Jossen, “Influence of cell-to-cell variations on the inhomogeneity of lithium-ion battery modules.” J. Electrochem. Soc., 165, A2587 (2018). 15. R. Gogoana, M. B. Pinson, M. Z. Bazant, and S. E. Sarma, “Internal resistance matching for parallel-connected lithium-ion cells and impacts on battery pack cycle life.” J. Power Sources, 252, 8 (2014). 16. W. Shi, X. Hu, C. Jin, J. Jiang, Y. Zhang, and T. Yip, “Effects of imbalanced currents on large-format LiFePO4/graphite batteries systems connected in parallel.” J. Power Sources, 313, 198 (2016). 17. M. Baumann, L. Wildfeuer, S. Rohr, and M. Lienkamp, “Parameter variations within Li-Ion battery packs—theoretical investigations and experimental quantifi- cation.” Journal of Energy Storage, 18, 295 (2018). 18. X. Li, T. Wang, L. Pei, C. Zhu, and B. Xu, “A comparative study of sorting methods for lithium-ion batteries.” 2014 IEEE Conference and Expo Transportation Electrification Asia-Pacific (ITEC Asia-Pacific), Piscataway, NJ (IEEE) 1 (2014). 19. Z. Lu, X. Yu, L. Wei, F. Cao, L. Zhang, X. Meng, and L. Jin, “A comprehensive experimental study on temperature-dependent performance of lithium-ion battery.” Appl. Therm. Eng., 158, 113800 (2019). 20. D. Chen, J. Jiang, G.-H. Kim, C. Yang, and A. Pesaran, “Comparison of different cooling methods for lithium ion battery cells.” Appl. Therm. Eng., 94, 846 (2016). 21. J. Kim, J. Oh, and H. Lee, “Review on battery thermal management system for electric vehicles.” Appl. Therm. Eng., 149, 192 (2019). 22. Y.Kim,A.Varzi,A.Mariani,G.T.Kim,Y.Kim,andS.Passerini,“Redox‐mediated red‐phosphorous semi‐liquid anode enabling metal‐free rechargeable Na‐seawater batteries with high energy density.” Adv. Energy Mater., 11, 2102061 (2021). 23. Y. Lu and J. B. Goodenough, “Rechargeable alkali-ion cathode-flow battery.” J. Mater. Chem., 21, 10113 (2011). 24. M. Zwicker, M. Moghadam, W. Zhang, and C. Nielsen, “Automotive battery pack manufacturing–a review of battery to tab joining.” Journal of Advanced Joining Processes, 1, 100017 (2020). 25. M. J. Brand, P. Berg, E. I. Kolp, T. Bach, P. Schmidt, and A. Jossen, “Detachable electrical connection of battery cells by press contacts.” Journal of Energy Storage, 8, 69 (2016). 26. M. J. Brand, M. H. Hofmann, M. Steinhardt, S. F. Schuster, and A. Jossen, “Current distribution within parallel-connected battery cells.” J. Power Sources, 334, 202 (2016). 27. S. Neupert and J. Kowal, “Inhomogeneities in battery packs.” World Electric Vehicle Journal, 9, 20 (2018). Youngsik Kim ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-9489 References 1. C. Zhang, Y.-L. Wei, P.-F. Cao, and M.-C. Lin, “Energy storage system: current studies on batteries and power condition system.” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 82, 3091 (2018). 2. M. Bilgili, A. Yasar, and E. Simsek, “Offshore wind power development in Europe and its comparison with onshore counterpart.” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 15, 905 (2011). 3. C. Diendorfer, M. Haider, and M. Lauermann, “Performance analysis of offshore solar power plants.” Energy Procedia, 49, 2462 (2014). Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2022 169 040508PDF Image | Development of Rechargeable Seawater Battery
PDF Search Title:
Development of Rechargeable Seawater BatteryOriginal File Name Searched:
Kim_2022_Electrochem-169_040508.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)