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To find the optimal cathode current collector arrangement, the anode cell was stacked at a uniform distance, and the current imbalance between anode cells was observed according to the three types of arrangement (Fig. 3a). In Case 1, the cathode current collector was placed on one side of the stacked anode cell; in Case 2, it was placed around the stacked anode cell; and in Case 3, it was placed between each anode cell. When charging with 450 mA, in Case 1, cell 1: 84 mA, cell 2: 119 mA, cell 3: 247 mA, showing a maximum current deviation of 163 mA. In Case 2, the same current which is 160 mA flowed in cell 1 and cell 3, but cell 2 was 140 mA. In Case 3, all cells have same current distribution, 150 mA (Fig. 3b). Because current imbalance between cells in a battery module reduces their cycle life in parallel connection,15,26 Case 3, with the smallest current imbalance, was determined to be the optimal arrangement. Cycle life test of 1S 5P SWB module.—The cycle life test of the 5P SWB module was conducted using a 1Ah SWB unit cell. Cycle life test at 0.2 C-rate showed a cycle lives of 145 for the 5P SWB module (Fig. 4b). This cycle life is approximately 63% less than the 390cycles of a unit cell (Fig. 4a). Cell deviation might be what causes the module’s cycle life to be reduced. The three major causes of this cell deviation are as follows: 1. non-uniformity in cell production; 2. non-uniformity in cell assembly; and 3. Parameter variables in operating parameters.17,27 To begin, it is difficult to manufacture homogeneous cells because all SWB prismatic cells are made by hand. Second, cell deviation occurred as a result of the inability of the contact resistance generated during cell assembly to be uniform. Finally, local variations in salinity and temperature may occur while the module is operating. However, a detailed analysis will be required to ascertain which of the primary reasons and how Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2022 169 040508 Figure 4. Cycle life test of (a) unit cell, (b) 5 parallel module; 1Ah SWB unit cell is used and experimental condition is DoD 100% with 0.2C-rate. Figure 5. Structure of 5S 4P seawater battery module: (a) overall view, (b) front view, (c) top view.PDF Image | Development of Rechargeable Seawater Battery
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)