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The discharge capacity cycling performance of the commercial lead oxides and Pb-O-C composites is compared and presented in Figure 65. It can be seen that the discharge capacity of the commercial lead oxide (PbO, Pb3O4) particles decrease sharply from initial discharge capacity of ~400 mAh/g to the 40th cycle of ~ 0 mAh/g. Interestingly, Pb-O-C composites particles exhibit very stable capacity-cycling behavior especially in Pb-O-C composites #2 during 100 cycles. The initial discharge capacity is 425 mAh/g and capacity can be maintained over 50 cycles at current rate of 100 mA/g. The initial coulombic efficiencies of the Pb-O-C composites #1 and #2 are 97% and 98%, respectively. It is believed that the good reversible capacity retention and coulombic efficiencies of the Pb-O-C composites #1 and #2 are due to the carbon effect. Typically, the problem of lead based materials is volume expansion. The fully sodiated phase of Pb, Na15Pb4, has a theoretical volumetric capacity is 4365 mAh/cm3, corresponding to a 365% volume expansion. Therefore, due to the volume expansion problem during sodiation and desodiation, anode materials are detached from the current collector and finally shows poor cycle stability. However, Pb-O-C composites anodes exhibited improved cycle stability compared to previously reported data [Table 8]. It is believed that carbon plays a role in preventing large volume changes and helps enhance capacity retention. Figure 65. Discharge capacity vs. cycle number for Pb-O-C composite #1 (a) and Pb-O-C composite #2 (b) electrodes in half-cells at a current rate of 100 mA/g. 104PDF Image | China solar seawater battery
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |