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4.3 Results and discussion As shown in table xx, we synthesized four samples of lead-based anode materials. Interestingly, XRD patterns of Pb-O-C composite #1 and Pb-O-C composite #2 are shown in Figure 55 and Figure 56, which are consistent with standard values of Pb metal (Fm-3m) except a small peak located at 2Ɵ = 28 degree. By carful comparison of the small peak with PbO patterns, it is originated from lead oxide (Figure 55). However, after high energy ball mill, both XRD patterns of Pb-O-C composite #1 and Pb- O-C composite #2 closer to the Pb metal (Fm-3m) patterns (Figure 55 and Figure 56). But, the intensity of oxide peaks are different. It is assumed that lead oxide and carbon react with each other at high temperature through the high energy ball milling process and are eventually reduced to Pb metal (2PbO + C → 2Pb metal + CO2↑). And the broad peaks around 2Ɵ = 25-30 degree are regarded as peaks by the carbon. Figure 57 (a) and (b) are SEM images of the commercial PbO pristine and as-synthesized Pb-O-C composite #1 from PbO. It can be seen that the high energy ball mill process has a significant effect on the particle size and morphologies. It can be seen from Figure 57 (b) that the surface of the Pb-O-C composite #1 with large size are rough. The particle size is in a range of several thirties of micrometers. And also, it can be seen from Figure 57 (d) that the surface of the Pb-O-C composite #2 with large size are rough. The particle size is in a range of several tens of micrometers. Totally, the size of Pb-O-C composite #1 particles from five randomly selected regions in digital SEM images was measured, and the size of Pb-O-C composite #1 and Pb-O-C composite #2 are 36μm and 16μm, respectively. To further investigate microstructure of the Pb-O-C composite particles, TEM and EDS were performed. Figure 58 (a) is EDS images of the microsized Pb-O-C composite #1 particles. It is confirmed that Pb and carbon are evenly distributed through the qualitative EDS analysis. It is assumed that Fe and Co signals possibly from column contamination (Figure 58 (b)). Figure 59 (a-d) are TEM images of the Pb-O-C composite #1 particles. It can be seen Figure 59 (c, d) that the Pb/PbO cluster. Annular Dark Field (ADF) image shows Pb-O-C composite #1 particles on the carbon and it is confirmed that Pb-O-C composite #1 particles (~5 nm) embedded in the carbon (Figure 60 (a, b)). And further high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analysis can be performed to identify particle composition. Figure 62(a) is EDS images of the microsized Pb-O-C composite #2 particles and qualitative EDS maps show even distribution of Pb and carbon. Pb3O4 and Pb cluster also observed in Figure 62 (c, d). The uniform contrast implies that the micro-sized Pb-O-C composite particles are in solid structure. 92PDF Image | China solar seawater battery
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |