PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 008
11 form methanol. The molar ratio ofhydrogen to carbon mon oxide is preferably is between 2:1 and 2.1:1. The overall combined molar ratio involving tWo separate steps betWeen methane, Water and carbon dioxide isalso about 3:2:1. In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises: conducting Wet reforming of methane from the methane source With Water to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen as folloWs: conducting dry reforming of methane from the methane source With carbon dioxide to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen as folloWs: combining the carbon monoxide and hydrogen from the Wet and dry reforming Without separation of components to produce a molar mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide Wherein the hydrogen is present in an amount such that the ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide is at least 2:1; and convertingmolarmixtureofhydrogenandcarbonmonox ideunderconditionssu?icienttoexclusivelyformmethanol, as folloWs: WhenthecombiningoftheWetanddryreformingiscom binedinasinglecombinedbi-reformingstepthereactantsare provided in a mole ratio of about 3:1:2 as folloWs: 20 25 12 (CO2) reforming in a speci?c molar ratio ofreactants su?i cienttoformamixtureofhydrogen/carbondioxide(H2/CO) in a molar ratio of about 2:1, preferably betWeen 2:1 and 2.1:1, and most preferably about 2.05:1; the ratios that are suf?cienttoconvertsuchmixtureofH2andCO exclusivelyto methanol or dimethyl ether. Advantageously, the reactants or mixtureofreactantsistreatedWithout separationofitscom ponents to convert substantially all the reactants to methyl alcohol or, ifdesired, to dimethyl ether Without the produc tion of any by-products. Any unreacted starting or interme diateproductscanbereadilyrecoveredandrecycled. Methanol and dimethyl ether formed by the processes described herein can ?nd utility in numerous applications, either alone, or upon subsequent conversion to other prod ucts. Without being limiting, methanol, dimethyl ether and their derived products can be used as synthetic internal com bustionengine(ICE)fuels,effectivedieselfuels(including mixing varied amounts of dimethyl ether (DME) With con ventional diesel fuel), gasoline-methanol mixed fuels (pre paredbyaddingmethanoltogasolineWiththefuelhavinga minimum gasolinecontentofatleast15% byvolume).With out being limited as to other uses, methanol and/or dimethyl ether are convenient energy storage and transportation mate rials in order to minimiZe or eliminate the disadvantages or dangersinherentintheuseandtransportationofLNG or LPG. Dimethyl ether is also a convenient household gas to replace natural gas. They are also convenient raW materials for producing ole?ns (ethylene, propylene etc.) synthetic hydrocarbons,theirproductsandmaterials,evenforprepar ingsinglecellproteinsforhumanoranimalconsumption. The stepsoftheprocessoftheinventionfortheformation of methanol are illustrated by the folloWing reactions: inordertoprovidetherecitedmolarmixtureandratioof30 hydrogenandcarbonmonoxide. Methanol is foamed over a catalyst on a support at a tem perature of from about 800° C. to 1100° C. A preferred catalystincludesasinglemetalcatalyst,asinglemetaloxide catalyst,amixedcatalystofametalandametaloxideora 35 mixed catalyst of at least tWo metal oxides. The catalyst includesV,Ti,Ga,Mg,Cu,Ni,Mo,Bi,Fe,Mn,Co,Nb,Zr,La or Sn or an oxide thereof. The catalyst may be present on a support of a high surface or nano structured oxide, such as fumedaluminaorfumedsilica.Inaspeci?cembodiment,the 40 catalyst is NiO or a mixed catalyst of NiO, V2O5:Ni2O3, Ni2V2O7 and Ni3V2O5. In a more speci?c embodiment, the catalystisNiO supportedonfumedaluminaorNiO/V2O5 supported on a fumed silica surface. SteamReforming Dry Reforming Bi-reforming 2CH4+2H2O —>2CO +6H2 CH4 + CO2 —> 2CO + 2H2 3CH4 + 2H2O + CO2 —> 4CO + 8 H2 StepA Step B Step C BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The features and bene?ts of the invention Will become more evident from revieW of the folloWing detailed descrip tionofillustrativeembodimentsandtheaccompanyingdraW ings,Wherein: FIG.1shoWsknoWnexamplesofmethanol-derivedchemi calproductsandmaterials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 45 50 55 The bi-reforming process of producing methanol can be practicedbycarryingoutstepsA andB separately.Theprod uctsofreformingofstepsA andB aremixedtogetherbefore being introduced into the methanol producing step D. The steamreformingstepiscarriedbyreactingmethaneandWater in an equal molar ratio over a catalyst betWeen 800° C. and 1000°C.Thedryreformingstepiscarriedbyreactingmeth ane and carbon dioxide in an equal molar ratio over a catalyst betWeen 800° C. and 850° C. The bi-reforming process of producing methanol can also bepracticedbycombiningthetWoreformingstepsA andB intoasinglereformingstepbyreactingmethane,Waterand carbon dioxide in a molar ratio of about 3:2:1 over a catalyst betWeen 800° C. and 1100° C. In many places, natural gas sources also contain substantial amount of CO2. Inoneembodimentoftheinvention,aspeci?ccombination of steam and dry reforming of methane is used to achieve a molarratioofH2andCO ofatleast2moleshydrogento1 mole of carbon monoxide for the conversion to methanol. In anotherembodiment,methaneistreatedWithWaterandcar bon dioxide in a molar ratio of about 3 :2:1 With a temperature range from about 800° C. to about 1100° C., preferably from about 800° C. to about 850° C. To alloW conversion, a catalyst or combination of catalysts can be used. These include any suitablemetalormetaloxide,includingWithoutlimitationa metalsuchasV,Ti,Ga,Mg,Cu,Ni,Mo,Bi,Fe,Mn,Co,Nb, Zr, La or Sn, and corresponding oxides of such metals. The The invention relates to processes for the conversion of carbon dioxide from any carbon dioxide source, methane fromanymethanesourcesuchasnaturalgas,coalbedmeth 60 ane, shale gas, methane hydrate or any other sources to methanol or dimethyl ether. These processes of conversion are referred to as bi-reforming processes and utiliZe a speci?c combination of steam (H20) and dry (CO2) reforming of methane,practicedintWostepsorcombinedintoasingle65 step. The method comprises reacting methane or natural gas under a combination of conditions of steam (Wet) and dry US 8,440,729B2PDF Image | CONVERSION OF CARBON DIOXIDE TO METHANOL BIOREFORMING
PDF Search Title:
CONVERSION OF CARBON DIOXIDE TO METHANOL BIOREFORMINGOriginal File Name Searched:
US8440729.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)