STUDY OF LOW-GRADE WASTE HEAT RECOVERY

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TUDY OF LOW-GRADE WASTE HEAT RECOVERY ( tudy-low-grade-waste-heat-recovery )

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Table 2. Absorption Chiller Manufactured Capacities [25]. Trane Capacity (Ton) 100-1,500 Hot Water Temperature Required (F) York Carrier 100-1,500 108-608 210 250 Yazaki 10,20,30 167-212 Sanyo 100-1,500 94 200-270 Much like the mechanical type, the absorption chiller also contains a coefficient of performance, however because there is not a compressor it is defined differently. For this type of equipment, the COP is defined as the ratio of energy removed or added, depending on if the heat pump is used for heating or cooling, to the total energy input [43]. Typical COP values for an absorption chiller are 1.2 when heating is used and 0.7 when cooling is used [25]. Heat Pump Selection Criteria The selection of which type of heat pump to use is a very important step in insuring the most beneficial system is implemented. There are a few characteristics about the desired system that should be known to help ensure the proper selection is made and provide a starting point for selection and economic considerations. These characteristics include the nature of the waste heat source, meaning whether it is a gas or liquid, the nature of the higher temperature heat sink and the desired increase in temperature. The following table is provided from McMullan [43] and shows what type of heat pump is recommended depending on the prior characteristics. Because both heat pump cycles require either a compressor or pump to operate and therefore an extra electrical energy input, it should only be operated if there is a monetary benefit for the temperature increase in the wasted heat. To understand how much electrical energy is required to increase the waste heat temperature, the coefficient of performance (COP) must be considered. Typical paybacks have been estimated to be from 2 to 5 years [43]. 46

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