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PatentedMar.14,1944 2,34,10 vUNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE 2.344.100 ' RADIAD FLOWTURBINE UlrichMeininghaus,Mulhelmdnuhr,Germany; ' _rated in the Alien Property Custodian ‘ >‘ Application February19,1941,SerialNo.379,610 lmqlennany February 29, 1940 - 5Claims. ‘(61.253-46) The present invention relates to rotary ima chinessu assteamorgasturbinesinwhicha working medium ?ows through a plurality of blades in a radial direction. varying in pressure during such ?ow. > . traversed blading 5, but before the outlet of the last plane of the radially traversed blading ‘II obtain for the ?rst time a characteristic of the change in thrust for.the inwardly traversed labyrinth packing I ‘which coincides surpris ingly well with the characteristic of change in It is the general object of the invention to provide.animprovedbalancingofthe‘thrusts, thrust'forftheradial?owblading. Generally these characteristics differto a degree that makes the otherwise convenient arrangement of the of a plurality of such bladed discs prebenting 10 inwardly traversed labyrinth packing‘ un?tted of the discs carrying the radially traversed blades, and in particular to balance the thrusts more than two planes of rotating discs by the thrust of‘one single inwardly traversed laby rinth and yet to secure an almost perfect balance under all conditions.‘ Other, more speci?c ob iects of the invention will appear from the de tailed description hereinafter. The accompanying drawings illustrate by way of example two embodiments of_the invention. Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings are vertical sections through radial ?ow steam tur bines constructed according to the invention. In- Fig. 1 the steam enters the turbine at I, enters the nozzles 2 and impinges theblades 3 of the velocity stage and then ?ows through the radially traversed reaction blades 4 to ‘Irepre sentingfourplanesofrotatingblades. Therear sides of the wheels 9 and 9 which carry the blades 1 and ‘Iare each ?tted with a labyrinth packing in and H. The labyrinth packing I9’ is connected at its outer circumference with the space vbehind, or at the discharge side of, the nozzles 2, that is with the steam before it enters for balancing the thrust of high pressure tur bines. .The main reason for this disadvantage lies in the fact that the diameters of the laby ‘rinths and therewith the size of the throttling areasdecreasewhilstthesteamexpands. The best e?ect is reached when the ?rst connection of the inner part of the inwardly traversed laby rinth packing ID with the steam ?ow through the blading isled as shownin Fig. l by means of V the pipe I! to a point between the third plane 9 and the fourth plane 'Iof the radially traversed blading. Itisthenpossibletoadmitby-pass steam or to bleed steam at l5 between the sec -0nd and third planes 5 and 6 without disturb -ingthebalanceofthethrusts. Iprefertopro vide an additional labyrinth packing II which is-traversed in an outward direction to relieve the thrust of the labyrinth packing in at least by the thrust of one plane of the radial ?ow blading. ,Such outwardly traversed labyrinth packing ll may advantageously be arranged at the rear side of the last wheel 9 and balance approximately the axial thrust of the blading ‘I the ?rst radial ?ow blading 4. At its inner - of such wheel. By such arrangement I obtain half, it is connected with the space It between the bladings 9 and 1 by means of the pipe II. The steam of this space it flows to the labyrinth packing ll through the holes l4 in the wheel. 9. The labyrinth packing II equalizes in good ap proximation the axial thrustof the blading ‘I. It would be possible to guide the leaking steam fromthe pipe I! directly to the labyrinth packing II, but with the ‘illustrated arrangement I gain the advantage that the hot leakage steam in creases the work transformed in the blading 'I and that comparatively cold steam which gave 0!! part of its heat content in the bladings 4 to 9entersthelabyrinthpackingH. The?ange15 between the bladings ! and 4 may serve for ad mitting by-pass-steam or-for bleeding. By leading the ?rst connection of the inner part of the inwardly traversed labyrinth packing Ilwith the stream of working medium ?owing through the blading, by means of the pipe I! to a point behind the second plane of the radially a practically perfect balance under all conditions with simple parts and with great compactness of structure. Whenthesteamvolumeislarge,the wheel 9 may carry on the rear side also blades traversed parallel to the blading 1 instead of the labyrinth packing II. In Fig. 2, for which the same reference char acters apply as for Fig. 1, the inner part of the outwardly traversed labyrinth packing H is omitted up to a diameter which about corre sponds to the mean outer diameter of the blad ings4,5and6. Theconnectionoftheinnerpart of the inwardly traversed labyrinth packing I with the steam flow in the blading leads through pipe I2 ‘to the inner diameter of the outwardly traversed labyrinth packing II and through the holes l4 in the wheel 9 to the corresponding point of the blading ‘I. With this arrangement I bal ance the sum of the thrusts of the bladings 4, 5, 9 and of the inner part of the blading‘! by the thrust of the inwardly traversed labyrinth packPDF Image | RADIAL FLOW TURBINE 1941
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