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Jurnal Mekanikal December 2005, No. 20, 68 - 77 SOLAR THERMAL ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE AS A RENEWABLE ENERGY OPTION Cheng Eng Cong1 Sanjayan Velautham Amer Nordin Darus Department of Thermo-Fluids Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia ABSTRACT The objective of the paper is to study the feasibility of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) driven by solar thermal energy as a renewable energy option for small and medium sized commercial usage, power generation of less than 10MW. ORC is principally a conventional Rankine Cycle that uses organic compound as the working fluid instead of water and it is particularly suitable for low temperature applications. Appropriate organic compound includes refrigerants and azeotropes. The ORC and the solar collector are sized according to the solar flux distribution in Malaysia. According to Malaysia Metrological Department, Kota Kinabalu has the highest yearly average of solar radiation in the country for year 2003, for this reason it is chosen for the location of study. The power generation system consists of two cycles, the solar thermal cycle that harness solar energy and the power cycle, which is the ORC that generates electricity. The solar thermal cycle circulates heat transfer fluid (HTF) in the cycle and harness thermal energy from the sun and transfers it to the organic compound in the ORC via a heat exchanger. Components in the power cycle or ORC include an ORC turbine for power generation, a condenser for heat rejection, a pump to increase the pressure and a heat exchanger. The HTF selected in this analysis is Therminol VP3, which is currently used for commercial solar thermal applications. For this research, 2 organic compounds were analyzed, R123 and isobutane. These two compounds are optimized for selection. 1.0 INTRODUCTION Fossil fuel consumption in the recent years has been increasing and the burning of fossil fuel is said to be a major contributor towards global warming, air pollution and ozone depletion. Besides the environment, the fossil fuel price fluctuates considerably, with the price of the petroleum reaching as high as USD 53 [1]. Such a high price will take a toll on the economy of any country especially when Malaysia becomes a net importer of fossil fuel. Currently, 91.9% of Malaysia power generation uses fossil fuels. In recent years, Malaysia plans to reduce the reliance on fossil fuel by introducing renewable energy as the 5th Fuel in the 8th 1 Corresponding author, E-mail: engcong@yahoo.com 68PDF Image | SOLAR THERMAL ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE AS A RENEWABLE ENERGY
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