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The data overview was compiled by IEA Bioenergy Task32 (Biomass Combustion and Co-firing) using Koppejan (2007) and Obernberger (2004) as main sources. A5. Biomass anaerobic digestion (CHP) The data were mainly provided by Wellinger (2007) and refer to agricultural plants digesting animal waste, combined with other biomass (co-substrate like corn, grains, grass, etc.). Other biogas feedstocks not considered here include source-separated wastes and landfill gas. The investment costs (expressed in €/kWth) are based on literature cost data expressed in €/kWe and ranging from 2000 to 4100 €/kWe (average 3 500 €/kWe). For converting these data to kWth, an electrical efficiency of 37% and a thermal efficiency of 50% to 55% (based on biogas combustion) were used. In the analysis 10 to 30% of the total investment and O&M costs were allocated to heat production, with the remaining share to electricity generation not considered here. Thermal efficiency (based on the energy content of the biomass) was assumed to be 20% to 30%, the auxiliary heat input (8 to 20% for process heat) having already been included, as well as the use of any co-substrate feedstock which might increase the overall process efficiency. For source-separated wastes, the efficiency would be lower. The assumed fuel price range (based on a mix of green crop maize and manure feedstocks) was €2 to 3 /GJ. Extrapolation of costs out to 2030 is very uncertain. Table A6 Cost parameters for biomass anaerobic digestion in 2005 (excluding VAT) with projections out to 2030* Data for agricultural plants base year 2005 Extrapolation to 2030 Minimum Average Maximum Unit Investment cost** 1 300 2 400 2 800 2005€/kWth -10% Share investment cost for heating 10 20 30 % 0% Conversion efficiency 20 25 30 % 0% Fuel cost 2 2.5 3 2005€/GJ 0% Auxiliary energy needed** n/a n/a n/a kWhe/kW/yr 0% Cost of auxiliary energy 0.05 0.15 0.2 2005€/kWhe +25% Total O&M 300 340 380 2005€/kWth/yr -10% Full load hours heating 6 000 7 000 8 000 hrs/yr 0% Lifetime 15 20 25 Yr +20% Interest rate 5 10 15 %/yr +10% 128 Investment heat-related Annuity Annual investment payment Annual auxiliary energy cost*** Annual O&M cost Fuel input 130 480 7.1% 11.7% 9 56 n/a n/a 30 68 72 101 840 2005€/kWth 17.1% %/yr 144 2005€/kWth/yr n/a 2005€/kWth/yr 114 2005€/kWth/yr 144 GJinput/kWth/yr Total energy cost - investment 0 2 7 2005€/GJ -13% to -7% - fuel 5 10 20 2005€/GJ 0% - auxiliary energy*** 0 0 0 2005€/GJ 0% - O&M 1 3 5 2005€/GJ -10% Total 6 15 32 2005€/GJ -3% to -2% * The calculation does not take into account a reference system, nor are avoided costs due to fuel savings incorporated. Installation costs are included. Heat distribution cost and costs allocated to electricity generation are not included. **Investment costs are expressed in terms of kWhth output. *** The auxiliary heat use has already been considered in the efficiency figure. Output data Intermediate Input data resultsPDF Image | RENEWABLES FOR HEATING AND COOLING
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