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C APPENDIX C: CALCULATION OF EMISSIONS FROM LANDFILLS APPENDIX C: CALCULATION OF EMISSIONS FROM LANDFILLS 3.796E+11 =1.725E+11 =172545454.5 =172.54 lbs/year kg/year tons/y Mt/y of waste in Landfill/year Source [12] Nm3 50% CO2, 50% CH4 Calorific value 18000 0.35 N m3/kg Hence amount of biogas evolved = Value from Table 19 of [2] (bottom of this page) = Energy content = Calorific value * Nm3/year Amount being captured Potential for capture Assume the gases are released in one year (bioreactor) Hence annual rate of gas evolution = There were 1858 landfills in the US in 2001 Gas generation from each landfill Calorific value of gas generated/year Power 36E9 Nm3/year Landfill gas kJ/Nm3 of urban solid waste [12] Landfill methane emission Methane recovered Methane flared Total landfill methane Methane density Volume of methane Total biogas volume Use this number, since this is probably closer to actual methane evolved. 6.90E+06 tons 3.0E+06 tons 2.87E6 1.28E+07 tons 0.71 kg/m3 1.8E10 Nm3 3.6E10 Nm3 composition 6.022E+10 =6.47E+14 kJ =647 PJ 152 PJ 495 PJ 179859 GWh 97 19E6 Nm3/year 3.5E+11 kJ/year 11 MW Assume net efficiency of 45% for fuel cell Hence generated power Thermal power to be captured = 4.32-1.95 = Hence large fuel cells are needed in order to use the evolved biogas as fuel. The largest PAFC is 200 kW. It appears this is more suitable for MCFC or SOFC technology The CO2 captured could be used for synthesis, photocatalytic energy generation, and CO2 reforming of methane EIA / Voluntary reporting of GHGs 2002 [2] 5.0 MW 6.1 MW Use this value, since EIA values are expected to be closer to actual emission 3.60E+10 Nm3 dataPDF Image | Analysis for Recovering Energy from Industrial Waste Heat
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