PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 201
Chapter 5 Economic analysis hypothesised to increase costs of above reported ambient pressure gasifiers by 30%. Resulting values are thus: 4290 €/kWel at 100 kWel, 2340 €/kWel at 1 MWel and 1690 €/kWel at 5 MWel. These costs are then added to the gas turbines ones, that are respectively 1250 €/kWel, 1000 €/kWel and 750 €/kWel, giving the final values reported in the table. In externally fired gas turbines with a ceramic/high temperature heat exchanger (GT EXT CER) the turbine and the heat exchanger itself represent the two main cost factors. Concerning the former one, the values reported few lines above have been naturally used. Regarding the latter one, the evaluation has been based on several references. In [3.5] a cost of 750 €/m2 is proposed (obviously referring to the exchanger surface). Indeed, this value is referred to a maximum allowable temperature of 1000°C, which, in the present work, has been found on the two smallest sizes (see Section 4.2.3). On the contrary, 1100°C are reached at the 5 MWel scale: however the referred value has been considered valid as well. On the other hand, in [2.14] costs of high temperature heat exchangers are estimated to be three fold the conventional ones (e.g. 304L). For the latter, two relations may be adopted, both expressed in €/m2 (A is the exchanger area, in m2): • 475 · A0.9 [5.1] • 10,000 + 300 · A0.95 [5.2] Indeed, the second relation would be expressed in British pounds per area unit, but, considering the exchange rate, it can be suitably hypothesised to use it in terms of €/m2. However it is easy to verify that the two formulas provide analogous results, apart from the initial gap. From an operating point of view, firstly the heat exchanger surface was obtained1, then the overall cost of the device was calculated by means of the three above mentioned relations and afterwards the results were converted in €/kWel, being finally averaged. Reference value was then chosen rounding the latter number. Results for the three scales are listed in Table 5.2. 1 ThermoflexTM provides this result in terms of UA, i.e. the product of overall heat transfer coefficient and the actual surface. Obviously A is easily obtained dividing that product by U, for which a value of 38 W/(m2·K) has been used [3.5]. 173PDF Image | SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATION
PDF Search Title:
SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATIONOriginal File Name Searched:
PhD_thesis_Samuel_Carrara.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)