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Chapter 3 Working hypotheses and preliminary analysis Parameter Nominal performance Net electric power Electrical efficiency First law efficiency Unit kWel % % 100 kWel 108.7 30.1 88.6 1 MWel 1008 39.6 84.5 5 MWel 5046 45.3 84.5 Table 3.6 – Reference internal combustion engines data. It is important to note that engine operating and performance data, i.e. gas mass flow rate, exhaust gas temperature, electric power (neglecting the cooling water pump power consumption, depending on the chosen efficiencies), electrical and first law efficiency are all ThermoflexTM default parameters, while those concerning heat recovery can be chosen by the user. In particular, classic design parameters have been used (flue gases cooled down to 120°C and engine cooling water at 90/80°C, except for the intermediate model, for which technical data indicate 92/82°C [3.13]). Once the aforementioned two temperatures have been set, the heat amount that has to be discharged being known, cooling water mass flow rate is fixed by the system. The two heat exchangers effectiveness has been chosen in order to observe the given temperatures and mass flow rates. Pressure drop on process water side has been fixed equal to zero in both exchangers, because the specific thermal process does not involve the power plant directly, therefore its losses do not have to be charged to the latter (indeed, the circulating pump consumptions would be negligible all the same). For computational reasons, the same has been done on the gas side of the exhaust heat exchanger. Finally, efficiencies are in accordance with the values presented in Chapter 2: as mentioned, first law efficiency is a little higher in the smallest plant. 3.5.3 Gas turbines Regarding gas turbines, reference has been made to [TF] for 1 MWel and 5 MWel plants, while a commercial plant, whose technical data have been found in literature and on the web, has been considered for 100 kWel size (since [TF] does not include micro gas turbines, as mentioned). All turbine models are listed in Table 3.7. 119PDF Image | SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATION
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