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Chapter 3 Working hypotheses and preliminary analysis Actually a slightly different model was then adopted for the simulations performed in this work. In fact most of the sensible heat contained in the raw syngas is dissipated at the heat exchanger (exit temperature is normally about 60 ÷ 100°C; the remaining cooling is being achieved during the following cleaning operations). Therefore a heat recovery is always being performed already in the basic configuration: syngas sensible heat, otherwise lost in the exchanger, is absorbed by an air stream (blown by a fan to overcome head losses and whose mass flow rate is fixed so that heat exchanger effectiveness results 90%), afterwards used to dry biomass input (which is positive in thermodynamic terms, as will be discussed later on). Naturally, another heat exchanger simulating the final temperature decrease from 60 ÷ 100°C (the actual value was fixed in the minimum that avoids water syngas condensation in the heat exchanger plus a pinch difference of 20°C) to 25°C is provided in the model, together with the moisture separator. The model actually adopted in the simulations is shown in Figure 3.14. Dryer Recovery heat Final exchanger temperature lowering Moisture separator Figure 3.14 – ThermoflexTM complete gasification and syngas cleaning model. 3.4.2 Syngas low LHV Biomass gasification with air as oxidiser produces syngas having a lower heating value of about 5 MJ per fuel unit, both in mass (as just shown) and in volume terms (see Table 1.6): density is in fact normally about 1 kg/Nm3, as will be calculated later. Methane, 108PDF Image | SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATION
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