SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATION

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SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATION ( small-scale-biomass-power-generation )

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Chapter 3 Working hypotheses and preliminary analysis The main input to define the gasifier are: • type of oxidiser (air or oxygen: being small-scale plants, air is always being used; as one can see, water/steam can in case be fed another way); • type of input specification by the user: air flow ratio or gasifier temperature, obviously with the respective datum (the latter was chosen in this work, letting then system fix the proper mass flow rate); • gasifier pressure. Other minor parameters then complete the model: auxiliaries power consumption, slag exit temperature, etc., while biomass type has previously been defined. Syngas composition (in volumetric terms) and lower heating value as well as, given the mass flow rates, cold gas efficiency of the gasifier are the provided results. 3.3.1 Reliability of the model As specified in the Introduction, the first operation is aimed at verifying reliability of the gasifier model supplied by ThermoflexTM. Indeed, complete modelling of biomass gasification is not a purpose of this work, but is just one of the addressed issues, therefore it is sufficient here to verify that results provided by the software are in line with those found of literature or commercial plants, without discussing them too much in detail. In particular this verification has been carried out considering two different references. The first one is a computational code, designed for simulation of biomass gasification, available on the website of Savona Combustion Laboratory, Dipartimento di Macchine, Sistemi Energetici e Trasporti (DIMSET/SCL), University of Genoa [3.2]. It is a simple executable program, analogous to the ThermoflexTM model in terms of required inputs and provided outputs. It is quite obvious that the two models have been fed with the same wood type (weight composition: C – 50%, O – 44%, H – 6%, i.e. CH1.44O0.66 in molar terms; moisture: 10%) in the comparison analysis, varying gasification temperature in the range 500 ÷ 1200°C at ambient pressure and using air as oxidiser: results denote very good correspondence, as shown in Figures 3.4 ÷ 3.6 (the evolution of CO and H2 content and of air/fuel ratio is presented for summary purposes, only). 98

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