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Chapter 8 downstream entropy were compared for the three isentropic expansions, for which the exact results is ∆s ≡ 0 since sA ≡ sB. Small relative differences of about 10−6 confirmed that effects of numerical sA dissipation were negligible. 8.4 Conclusions Nonclassical gasdynamic phenomena in dense vapours of organic mixtures have been investigated for the first time. In particular, the effect of non-ideal mixing on the thermodynamic properties relevant to the fluid dynamics was studied. Predictive equations of state have been used to compute the thermodynamic properties of the mixture, most notably the fundamental derivative of gasdynamics Γ, for mixtures of siloxanes, per- fluorocarbons, siloxanes-perfluorocarbons, and cloro- and perfluorocarbons. Some of the exemplary mixtures display thermodynamic regions of negative nonlinearity for certain compositions. The de- pendence of the minimum value of Γ in the vapour phase from the molar composition has been analyzed in the paradigmatic case of mixtures of linear siloxanes. It is found that Γmin is always greater than the value of Γmin of the most complex molecule in the mixture. In addition the value Γmin of a pure linear siloxane whose molecular weight is intermediate with respect to that of the mixture constituents, is always lower than that of the mixture featuring the same molecular weight or complexity. Preliminary simulations of a supersonic flow of a dense vapour expanding over a corner are presented. The dense vapour is a binary mixture of linear siloxanes MDM/MD6M, whereby for each simulation the upstream conditions are kept similar, while the molar composition is varied from xMDM = 0 to xMDM = 1. The results show how the flow field changes from the classical expansion fan to a rarefaction shock wave, when the composition is MDM(0.05)/MD6 M(0.95). For MDM(0.15)/MD6M(0.85) a mixed rarefaction shock/fan is predicted. Thermal decomposition of the fluid and critical point effects are to be carefully assessed before selecting the substance for experiments. However, it is remarkable that, similarly to previous studies on non-classical flows, the same gasdynamics behaviour is expected for all considered fluids. We conclude that for the considered mixtures, mixing compounds of the same fluid family does not enhance non-classical gasdynamic phenomena. Given the variety and complexity of molecular interactions among different molecules, the possibility that the opposite effect occurs for different mixture compositions cannot be ruled out. Limitations with respect to accuracy and predictive char- acter of currently available thermodynamic models for mixtures make the analysis of the possibly large variety of mixtures difficult. In addition, these limitations must be considered also with respect to the results of this study. Future work will be devoted to the improvement of thermodynamic models suitable for com- plex organic compounds, possibly also by means of property measurements. Indeed, the main obstacle to such investigation is the lack of experimental thermodynamic data of mixtures of com- plex organic compounds, or of predictive and accurate thermodynamic models, valid close to the vapour-liquid critical point. Attention will be dedicated to highly non-ideal mixtures in an attempt to understand if an enhancement of non-classical gasdynamic effects can be achieved by mixing two or more different organic fluids. This possibility—together with thermal stability—would have a large impact on experiments aimed at generating and measuring non-classical gasdynamic phenomena. Siloxane mixtures will also be tested in the experimental facility for generating and measuring rarefaction shock wave at the Delft University of Technology. 218PDF Image | New Concepts FOR Organic Rankine Cycle Power Systems
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