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Design of CSP Plants with Optimally Operated Thermal Storage SM = 2.5 140 SM = 2.0 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 -20 -40 SM = 3.5 SM = 1.5 0 5 10 15 20 h TES [eq. hours] Figure 6.5: Financial comparison between reference and optimized solar tower plant operation strategy: net present value (NPV) as a function of TES system capacity hTES, for several SM values (corresponding to different line formats). Grey lines: reference control strategy; red lines: optimized strategy exploited to increase yearly revenue (see Fig. 6.4b, red lines); black lines: optimized strategy exploited to decrease the investment (see Fig. 6.4b, black lines). The black-dotted line (SM = 1.5) is not shown, being undistinguishable from the corresponding grey-dotted one. the considered plants are assumed to sell electricity at the same PPA price. The Net Present Value (NPV) of the project is adopted as the financial figure of merit, with the purpose of examining costs and revenues together, in order to evaluate mutually exclusive investment features and decisions [41]. The results of the analysis are summarized in Fig. 6.5, where the NPV is shown as a function of the TES system capacity, for several SM values. It can be noted that all the gray curves, referring to the base case, i.e., to the reference control strategy, reach a maximum NPV value (NPVmax) for a given storage capacity value hTES . Referring again to Fig. 6.2a, such hTES value is the one allowing to reach the maximum revenue for the given SM value. In other words, this analysis allows to properly penalize solutions yielding the same revenue with an increasingly large investment. The red curves show the impact of the optimal operating strategy on the project NPV, ac- counting for the revenue increase it allows for (see, e.g., Fig. 6.4b, red lines). It can be seen that the location of NPVmax in terms of hTES is not varied with respect to the base case, as expected after Fig. 6.4a. In all cases, the financial advantage resulting from a complete analysis is larger if compared to only the yearly revenue. The SM = 1.5 case can be considered as an example: NPVmax = 91.5 M$ for hTES = 5 eq. hours is obtained for the base-case, i.e., the gray-dotted line in Fig. 6.5. For the same system (SM = 1.5, hTES = 5 eq. hours), adopting the optimized control strategy allows for an yearly revenue increase of ≈ 4%, as shown in Fig. 6.4b. Notably, this figure is coherent with 161 NPV. [M$]PDF Image | New Concepts FOR Organic Rankine Cycle Power Systems
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