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7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 1997 2000 2002 2003 Flash range Binary range 2004 2006 Binary plants Flash plants 2008 2009 FIGURE 9.1: TOTAL INSTALLED COSTS FOR GEOTHERMAL POWER STATIONS, 1997 TO 2009 SOURCE: IPCCC, 2011. Project costs can be lower than this, and can be as little as USD 1 500/kW where capacity is being added at an existing geothermal reservoir which is already well characterised and existing infrastructure can be utilised, but such cases are exceptional. Data for recent projects (Figure 9.2) fit within the general range band in Figure 9.1. However, these cost ranges are narrow compared to some of the analysis in the literature and may represent the lower end of the cost range when exploiting the best geothermal resources. Analysis for the United States (Figure 9.3) suggests a wider range for binary plant exploiting low temperature resources, based on the power plant costs alone (i.e. excluding production and injection wells) (NREL, 2012b). 74 Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2012: An Overview 2011 USD/kWPDF Image | International Renewable Energy Agency
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