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An important consideration in the design of CSP plant is the amount of thermal energy storage and the size of the solar multiple. Various combinations of these two parameters yield different LCOE results (Figure 7.7). Thermal storage allows CSP to achieve higher capacity factors and dispatch generation when the sun is not shining. This can make CSP a competitor for conventional base‐ or intermediate‐load power plants. A large‐scale example of this technology is the 280 MW Solana 1 power plant in Arizona. 0.22 0.20 0.18 Hours of thermal energy storage 0 3 6 0.16 9 0.14 0.12 0.10 12 18 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 Solar field size (solar multiple) 3.0 3.5 FIGURE 7.7: THE LEVELISED COST OF ELECTRICITY OF CSP PLANTS AS A FUNCTION OF THE SOLAR MULTIPLE AND HOURS OF THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE SOURCE: ANDERS, 2005. However, for a given PTC plant, the minimum range of LCOE can be achieved by varying the thermal energy storage and solar multiple values (Figure 7.7). This analysis suggests that the minimum LCOE is achieved with a solar multiple of 3 combined with 12 hours energy storage. However, there is relatively little difference between a plant with a solar multiple of 1.5 and no thermal energy storage, a solar multiple of 2 with 6 hours energy storage, and a plant with a solar multiple of 3 with 12 hours energy storage. Choosing the optimal plant design will therefore depend on the project’s specifics and the local power market. The integration of thermal energy storage in solar towers is cheaper than for PTC plant and increasing the level of storage will therefore usually yield lower LCOEs. 64 Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2012: An Overview 2011 USD/kWhPDF Image | International Renewable Energy Agency
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