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The SWH installations that do exist in SVG are found only in large residential buildings, and typically are imported from Barbados (Government of St. Vincent and the Grenadines 2010, p. 21). A market study conducted by CREDP/GTZ on Dominica, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent revealed substantial latent demand in the hospitality sector (Loy 2007, p. 140). The EAP calls for increasing the use of SWH in hotels, restaurants, and hospitals as well as in residences, to eventually replace all water heating currently handled by electricity. Action 36 calls for the Ministry of Energy to recommend and enforce policies exempting SWH components from import duties, to provide low-interest loans for SWH installation, and enforce mandatory installation of SWH in new residences and service buildings (Government of St. Vincent and the Grenadines 2010, p. 21). To promote solar electric adoption, the EAP calls for more PV demonstration systems, guidelines for distributed PV grid connections, and analysis of PV opportunities in the smaller Grenadine islands. Specifically, Action 20 calls for the installation of PV demonstration systems on government buildings and at VINLEC facilities. It also requests that VINLEC establish technical guidelines for the interconnection of distributed PV systems. Action 21 calls the Ministry of Energy to collaborate with international expertise in analyzing PV potential in the small grids of the Grenadines, and Action 22 seeks a similar study for isolated systems in general, such as for street lighting (Government of St. Vincent and the Grenadines 2010, pp. 36–37). As a response to the EAP, in 2011 the SVG Energy Unit with the assistance of the ECPA Caribbean Initiative started the preparation of a Solar PV demonstration project at the main administrative building of the Government (ECPA 2011). 3.7.13.5 Biomass and Other St. Vincent and the Grenadines might have viable biomass resources. In the past, the government of SVG has explored the possibility of cooperating with Guyana in a venture to raise, process, and market jatropha curcas (Barbados nut) as a biofuel (Loy 2007, p. 140). In 2009, GFA Envest GmbH and Caribbean Bio-Energy Technology Ltd. conducted a feasibility study on the use of jatropha curcas, banana trees, and municipal waste, among other sources, for biogas electricity production in SVG. The study concluded that, although jatropha curcas are not of sufficient quality for biogas, other feedstocks might be; and that there is potential for up to 4 MW from such a plant (Government of St. Vincent and the Grenadines 2010, pp. 22, 36). Caribbean Bio-Energy Technology Ltd is a SVG-based vendor of biogas fermentors (Caribbean Bio-Energy Technology 2010). 3.7.14 Interconnections St. Vincent and the Grenadines has opportunities for both domestic connections among the Grenadines and regional interconnections with neighboring nations. VINLEC studied connecting the small grids among the Grenadine islands in early 2009, but found that it was not cost effective. Interconnections for energy exports could follow the materialization of geothermal development. Per Action 6 of the EAP, the Ministry of Energy is to continue to investigate opportunities for electrical interconnections over the long term (Government of St. Vincent and the Grenadines 2010, p. 28). 3.7.15 Energy Policy Framework St. Vincent and the Grenadines are significantly dependent on fossil fuels for energy needs, particularly in the areas of electricity generation, transportation, and cooking. It has a total installed capacity of 49 MW (2009), 11.5% of which is provided by hydropower (Government of St. Vincent and the Grenadines 95PDF Image | Energy Policy and Analysis Caribbean
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