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Figure 26. Solar maps of St. Lucia Distributed, grid-tied residential and governmental solar PV systems up to 10 kW are allowed in a pilot project between LUCELEC and Solar St. Lucia Limited. In aggregate, this totals about 0.1 MW of distributed, grid-tied solar capacity (Nexant 2010, p. 8.40). Included among these are at least three government sites, The St. Lucia Banana Industry Trust, the Castries Market, and a school in Vieux Fort (LUCELEC 2010, p. 3; Posorski & Werner 2009, p. 72). The country already enjoys a relatively high usage rate for solar water heaters (Loy & Farrell 2005, p. 39), although the hospitality sector has substantial latent demand for SWH, according to a CREDP/GTZ market study conducted on Dominica, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent (Loy 2007, p. 140). 3.6.10.5 Biomass and Other The potential for generation from landfill gas has been studied at the Ciceron site (Loy & Farrell 2005), and LUCELEC is currently studying the Deglos site (LUCELEC 2009). A poultry litter study by GSEII proved not to be economical (GSEII 2009). In August 2011 the Ministry of Public Utilities approved a 15MW Waste-to-Energy (WTE) Project (Waste Management World 2011). As of December 2011 no updates were recorded. 3.6.11 Interconnections St. Lucia could be connected to the ECGPC to achieve a lower cost of natural gas fuel (Nexant 2010, pp. 7.8–7.9). Based on whether development of geothermal resources is successful, Qualibou is considering an undersea transmission line to export electricity to Martinique (McFadden 2010). 3.6.12 Energy Policy Framework St. Lucia is a net importer of fossil fuels, and like other members of the OECS, is vulnerable to volatility in energy market prices and the impact on the country’s trade balance. The electricity and transportation sectors are the greatest consumers of fossil-fuel energy. Regarding renewable energy, there are several sources that could be exploited by the country including solar, wind, geothermal, and waste to energy, but their actual potential for usage—particularly in the short term—has not been fully determined. Pre- feasibility studies, however, are ongoing. Although St. Lucia set itself on an ambitious path toward RE and sustainability more than a decade ago, it has been unable to implement much of its program due to an incomplete energy policy and technological and financing issues at promising geothermal sites. The government recently approved a national energy policy, however, and currently is drafting an updated sustainable energy plan. St. Lucia has abundant geothermal resources as well as moderate wind and solar resources. Currently, one IPP is demonstrating distributed PV systems, the utility is developing a wind farm, and another IPP is planning 120 MW of geothermal projects. 3.6.13 Energy Sector Regulatory Framework Analysis With regard to the institutional framework governing energy management, the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Economic Planning, National Development and the Public Service through its Sustainable Development and Environment Section is responsible for developing St. Lucia’s energy policy, conducting energy planning, and the dissemination of information concerning RETs (Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency Partnership 2010a). The Department of Public Utilities in the Ministry of Communications, Works, Transport and Public Utilities is responsible for regulating the electricity sector. The electricity sector’s sole provider until 2045 is the publicly traded St. Lucia Electricity Services Limited. The Government of St. Lucia owns 45% of the shares in LUCELEC and the Commonwealth Development Corporation (United Kingdom) owns 49%. LUCELEC owns one generating plant facility with 82PDF Image | Energy Policy and Analysis Caribbean
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