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ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Abstract Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is recognized as a source of usable cryogenic exergy for power cycles. The performance of conventional cycles are calculated. A binary steam–Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) at 550 ◦C has an efficiency of about 52 %, somewhat higher than that of a nitrogen Brayton cycle (50.7 % at 700 ◦C). Carbon diox- ide is recognized as an almost ideal medium for implementing single fluid condensation cycles. Its proven practical use both at low tem- perature (by the refrigeration industry) and at high temperature (by the nuclear reactor industry) makes it suitable for direct utilization without any extended preliminary research. A carbon dioxide cycle in its basic configuration featuring a pump, a regenerator, a heater and a condenser is much simpler than the binary steam–ORC cycle but has a lower efficiency (around 47 %). All condensing cycles (ORC, CO2 ...) exhibit a limited capability of exploiting the whole cryogenic exergy of LNG in that they cannot heat the natural gas at temper- atures above the condensation temperature. This drawback is fully overcome in nitrogen Brayton cycles which can heat LNG up to ambi- ent temperature. Slightly modifying the basic CO2 cycle so that it can partially use free thermal energy from sea water increases efficiency to 51 %. Multiple condensation cycles allow a better overall performance at the cost of a more complex layout. Compound CO2 cycles, featur- 2 peer-00573462, version 1 - 4 Mar 2011PDF Image | Class Action Information Notice Ormat Technologies
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