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Barriers to geothermal development Despite the advantages of geothermal energy, investment in geothermal power faces several challenges due to the inherent characteristics of the power source. The main challenges are: • The inability to determine the geological resource ex-ante (without drilling): A combination of geological, geochemical and geophysical surface surveys may provide information about the possible reservoir (i.e. temperature, type of fluid, areal extent) but its presence and real characteristics can only be proven by drilling slim holes or commercial wells (through well-log and well-testing analysis). Hence, large initial investments are required, without certainty of the existence or quality of the resource. • High initial costs (exploration costs can reach 30% of the total project cost). Companies require very strong financial capacity, and no commercial banks are currently financing these projects in the exploration stage. • Long maturity periods. Geothermal projects can take 5 to 7 years or more from resource discovery to commercial development (return on investment). • Lack of adequate regulatory frameworks: lack of concessional regime to ensure exploration and development rights; difficulty to sign a Power Purchase Agreement (PPAs) and obtain resources through project finance before of assessing the resource and start with the plant construction. • Increased perception of risk among developers, governments and financial institutions due to specific know-how ranging from geoscience disciplines to reservoir and drilling engineering via operation and maintenance.PDF Image | Promoting Geothermal Development
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