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III. NATIONAL ACTIVITIES NEW ZEALAND CHAPTER 15 New Zealand 15.1 Introduction Geothermal energy continues to play an important role in both electric power generation and direct use in New Zealand. The contribution to total electricity production remains steady at about 7%, mostly base load power. This helps balance the weather dependency of some of New Zealand’s other renewable energy resources, such as hydro (60%) and wind (0.25%). Interest in geothermal energy use is increasing because of the growing importance of achieving net reductions in CO2 emissions under the Kyoto Protocol, (signed by New Zealand in 2003), rising fossil fuel prices, and dwindling gas reserves. Evidence of this is the commitment by several major developers to staged expansion and geothermal exploration expenditure, despite a tougher regulatory environment. 15.2 Highlights for 2004 • Mokai- 40 MWe expansion under construction, with wells MK10-14 completed and tested and new greenhouses constructed (using MK2). • Wairakei- Consent application for the next 25 years heard and approved in mid-October 2004; and a 15 MWe binary plant (130-90 oC) is under construction. • Rotokawa- 5 MWe expansion operational, 3 production wells drilled, 30 MWe expansion application lodged, and new exploration for future expansion. • Kawerau- 3 exploration wells drilled in the east (Putauaki), and new greenhouses planned. • Tauhara- testing of well TH2 for direct steam use for Fletcher Wood Panel wood processing plant. • Ngawha- application heard for 10 MWe expansion (but declined on local environmental grounds). • Exploration activities conducted at Atiamuri, Horohoro, Ngatamariki and Tikitere. • Waikato Regional geothermal environmental policy and planning hearings completed (appeals still pending). 15.3 New Zealand National Policy 15.3.1 Strategy The energy supply strategy for New Zealand is anticipating a doubling of geothermal energy use over the next 8 to 10 years to replace gas. By 2025 even more geothermal energy will be required to avoid a large increase in coal use, which would compromise Kyoto Protocol commitments. IEA Geothermal R&T Annual Report 2004.doc 90PDF Image | Geothermal Energy Annual Report 2004
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