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III. NATIONAL ACTIVITIES JAPAN 13.4.2.4 Geo-Heat Promotion Association of Japan (GeoHPAJ) GeoHPAJ was established in April 2001. Its base were the members of former Geothermal Heat Pump Association, which was formed in 2000 by interested people from universities and private companies. Currently GeoHPAJ consists of 76 company members (including geo-technical consultants; electric power companies; drilling, construction and civil engineering companies; heat-pump manufactures; facility owners; etc.) and several individual members from research institutes and universities. Four working groups: public information, planning, drilling technology and regulation and strategy, perform activities on a voluntary basis. Besides regular information exchange, services for the members and public information are emphasized. 13.4.2.5 Heat Pump & Thermal Storage Technology Center of Japan (HPTCJ) HPTCJ is an affiliate of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI). It was begun as a study group for the utilization of geothermal heat pumps in July 2002 for information exchange and technical improvement. HPTCJ is the Japanese agency for International Energy Agency (IEA) tasks on heat pump systems and thermal storage (Annex 17 and Annex 14). 13.4.2.6 Geothermal Journals and Booklet The following two journals play a leading role among Japanese journals in the field of geothermal science and technology: • Chinetsu Energy (Geothermal Energy) -New Energy Foundation • Nihon Chinetsu Gakkaishi - Journal of Geothermal Research Society of Japan The Thermal and Nuclear Power Engineering Society publishes the booklet: Trends of Geothermal Power Generation in Japan (Wagakuni no chinetsu hatsuden no doko) written in Japanese, which gives detailed information on geothermal energy in Japan and the world. 13.5 Development Constraints To date, geothermal energy in Japan has been developed as a substitute for oil energy since the oil crisis. No adequate study has been done to evaluate the potential of geothermal energy as a renewable energy consistent with the earth’s environment. Internationally, geothermal energy is recognized and categorized as a new and/or renewable energy together with solar, wind, hydro and biomass energy. However, in Japan, only solar and wind are classified as “new energies” that enjoy protection under the law concerning Promotion of the Use of New Energy enacted in 1997. Geothermal is not included. Moreover, in 2001, biomass was added to the list of renewable energies to be promoted by the New and Renewable Energy Subcommittee of the Advisory Committee for Natural Resources and Energy, but geothermal was not. According to the Energy Supply and Demand Outlook presented by the Japanese Government, future growth in geothermal energy is assumed to be zero. Consistent with this perspective, in 2001, METI decided to cut the entire budget for geothermal energy research and development. This decision was purely political. IEA Geothermal R&T Annual Report 2004.doc 84PDF Image | Geothermal Energy Annual Report 2004
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