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Geothermalresourceshavebeenevaluatedinover100,000 km2ofsouthernPerú. Themostpromisingsixareas identifiedbyElectroPerúare: CajamarcaandLaLibertad, CallejondeHuaylas,Churen,thecentralhighlands,the volcaniccordillerainthesouth(Aarequipa,Moquega,and Tacna), and Cuzco and Puno (Lawrence, 1998). Perú has several active volcanoes, e.g., Corpuna (6425 m), Sabancaya (6000 m), Misti (5825 m), Ubinas (5672 m), Tutpaca (5806 m), Ticsani (5450 m), Yucamani (5500 m), and Calientes (5200 m); hundreds of inactive volcanoes of all sizes; thermal springs rich in minerals in many regions of the country; and several geysers with temperatures close to 100oC. Perú’s geothermal resources are primarily located on the westernslopesoftheAndesMountainsandinthehigh plateauinthesouthernpartofthecountry. Thezoneswhich representthebestconditionsfortheexploitationof geothermal resources are aligned in an axis approximately parallel to the western cordillera of the Andes and near the active and inactive volcanoes located in this zone. Reconnaissance and prefeasibility studies of the country’s geothermal potential have been conducted by several Peruvian institutions including ElectroPerú, INGEMMET, CENERGÍA, the Proyecto Especial Tacna (PET), and the Instituto Peruano de Energía Nuclear (IPEN), with the cooperation of various international organizations, e.g., OLADE,IIE,Aquater,andIAEA. Feasibilitystudiesto determinespecificareas’potentialareyettobedone. Theareasthathavebeenevaluatedare: Chivay,Borateras, Calacoa,Calientes,andCallazas. UsingOLADE’s evaluation criteria, Colca-Chivay was selected as the site with the greatest short-term potential for development. Perú began exploring the country’s geothermal resources in 1978 when INGEMMET conducted a national inventory and identified six areas of geothermal interest—1 - Cajamarca, 2 - Huaraz, 3 - Churin, 4 - Central, 5 - Cadena de Conos Volcanicos, and 6 - Puno-Cuzco. The inventory was followed up in 1979 to 1980 by geothermal surveys of three departments in southern Perú: Arequipa,Moquegua,andTacna. Themostpromisingareas inthesedepartments,inorderofimportance,wereGroup A: Calacoa,Maure,Salinas,Chachani,andChivay;Group B: Puquio, Painacochas and Orcopampa; and Group C: Cotahuasi, Coropuna, Cailloma, and Mazo Cruz (Diaz, 1988). ElectroPerú continued geothermal development in 1980 with a prefeasibility study of region 5 with assistance from the Italian Government. Challapaca and Arequipa were slated for prefeasibility studies followed by drilling, field development, and the installation of power plants beginning Geothermal Resources in Latin America & the Caribbean 171PDF Image | Geothermal Resources in the Caribbean and Latin America
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