Geothermal Resources in the Caribbean and Latin America

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Geothermal Resources in the Caribbean and Latin America ( geothermal-resources-the-caribbean-and-latin-america )

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1981 - COP 1 deepened to 1451 m; maximum temperature 250oC; between 850 and 1000 m found a productive zone with an initial flow of 17 tons/hr of dry steam; supplies 670kWe ORMAT binary pilot plant whichiscurrentlyoff-line. A33kV-linenowconnects Copahue with the provincial grid. 1986 - COP 2 drilled to 1241 m deep; maximum temperature 235oC; 2876 kJ/kg; well showed inferior conditionsofpermeability withinitialflowlessthanthat of COP 1. 1988 - 670kWe ORMAT binary pilot plant using COP 1 cameonlineinApril. Theplanthasbeenoff-linesince 1996. 1991 - COP 3 drilled to 1065 m deep; maximum temperature 240oC; JICA drilled and studied. 1997 - Provincial government hired the Empresa Neuquina de Servicios de Ingeniería (ENSI) to design a snow melting pilot project to keep streets to Villa Copahue clear during the winter; test project used COP 2. 1997 - COP 4 drilled to 1256 m for the Villa Thermal Copahue Heating Project; static pressure 40 bar at wellhead; 235oC reservoir temperature. 1998 - 45 km of piping laid for snow melting system; 1.5 m of snow can be melted in 2.5 hours. NOTES Includes five geothermal manifestations of importance (fumaroles and hot springs) covering an area of approximately 1.2 km2, four of which are located in Argentina. TheyareTERMASDECOPAHUE,LAS MAQUINAS, LAS MAQUINTAS, and ANFITEATRO. (The fifth, CHANCHO-CO, is located in Chile.) The Copahue Volcano corresponds to the last episode of the Copahue-Caviahue Effusive Complex whose activity began during the Pilocene and continued into the Quaternary. Thevolcanicmaterialsaremainlylavas; pyroclasticsarelessabundant. Theyarepredominantly calc-alkalic basalts, andesitic-basalts and andesites and, in smaller proportion, latites (Pesce, 1995). Copahue means “sulfur place” in the local language, Araucara. According to the geothermal model, Copahue is a vapor- dominatedgeothermalfieldtoadepthof1300m. The existence of a main reservoir at an estimated depth of 1800 m has yet to be confirmed. Villa Thermal Copahue Heating Project - Melts snow to keep resort town accessible year round. Geothermal Resources in Latin America & the Caribbean 126

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