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Several federal and provincial government programs have been conducted in recent years to subsidize the production of electricity from renewable sources. Qualified producers of wind power, for example were eligible to receive a $ 10/MWh direct subsidy from the Federal Government, which has paid out C$ 254 million between 2002 and 2007. As of 2009, geothermal power had not been recognized in any of these subsidy programs, and the establishment of equal subsidy for geothermal power is a priority initiative in the Canadian geothermal community. To date the wind, run of river, and solar industries have received in excess of $ 1.3 billion in government funding via $ 10/MWh subsidies, while proportional support for geothermal energy is yet to be seen. 22.4.3 Development Cost Trends There is very little data available in Canada to derive trends in costs for drilling, exploration, and development. As more projects take shape more data will be available to support trends and provide industry averages. 22.5 Status of Geothermal Industry While Canada can build upon a strong natural resources sector (mining, oil & gas), geothermal development has not picked-up in Canada due to more favourable market conditions in countries like the United States, or even as far as Iceland, Philippines, Indonesia, Chile, the Caribbean, and Africa. With an increasing overlap in mining and geothermal activities there are now several Canadian companies either in early stages of geothermal activities, e.g., in countries such as Serbia, Guatemala, Chile and elsewhere, or in actual joint venture cooperations further advanced, e.g., in the United States. Most of the larger technology providers in the geothermal sector are represented in Canada through subsidiaries and any development, despite the current small size, is monitored closely. With the right incentives and political support the market could see a sudden spurt in interest at any moment. 22.6 Economics The year 2010 saw very little funds invested in geothermal research and development. While there has been an ongoing program on heat mapping and assessing geothermal resource potential in Canada, a program run by the Geological Survey of Canada, there has been funding made available in smaller tranches as part of the Clean Energy Fund for two pilot projects for the industry. The prices for energy continue to vary widely across Canada ranging from US$ 0.07- 0.30/kWh ($ 70-300/MWh). The top end of this range represents isolated power grids in Northern Canada where fossil fuels are flown in for power generation and heat. In other regions, such as Labrador, there is an overwhelming excess of power generation, much of which is exported to other provinces and/or the United States. The average price per kilowatt-hour is roughly US$ 0.11/kWh ($ 110/MWh). Employment data for the geothermal industry has not been thoroughly evaluated. In the geothermal power sector there may be roughly 100 full time positions whereas the direct use geothermal sector may approach 1,000 full, part-time, and contractor positions. In Canada, there is a large discrepancy between the development of the near mature direct use geothermal industry and the still infant geothermal power industry. This accounts for the large difference in employment statistics. 262PDF Image | Geothermal Research and Tech IEA
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