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Figure 22.2 Drilling at Meager Creek, British Columbia. 22.3.2 DirectUse There continues to be no data available about current direct use of geothermal resources in Canada; however, CanGEA continues to encourage the Geological Survey of Canada to undertake this study. In recent years Canada has steadily embraced heat pump technology. It is estimated that up to 50,000 residential and 5,000 commercial systems are currently installed (Thompson, 2010). The cost of installing these units, especially in building retrofits, is often prohibitive for the average consumer; however, federal and local subsidies have encouraged the adoption of such systems. The growth rate is estimated at 13% per year, with recent rates being as high as 50%. More information can be found from the GeoExchange Coalition, a non-profit industry association. Heat pump technology has also been used in abandoned mines, starting as early as 1989 in the Springhill Mine of Nova Scotia where the heating and cooling provides savings estimated C$45,000/yr in energy costs. The City of Yellowknife in the Northwest Territories commissioned a study in 2007 to use water from an abandoned gold mine with a heat pump to provide district heating to the community, saving an estimated C$13 million/yr. This project has recently received federal funding in the amount of C$10 million. There are also 12 western hot springs used to heat swimming pools with individual flow rate of 6-32 l/s and total installed capacity of 10-15 MWth, plus a number of naturally occurring hot springs (Lund et al., 2005). Since no specific data were available on the various Canadian geothermal uses, we estimate the following for heat pumps using a COP in the heating mode of 3.5, 3,000 full load heating hours per year, an average residential size of 12 kW, and commercial size of 100 kW, resulting in a total of 1,100 MWth and 8,487 TJ/yr. For the mine water the estimate is 11 MWth and 26 TJ/yr 260PDF Image | Geothermal Research and Tech IEA
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