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20.7.3 TrendsintheCostofEnergy Data for 2010 have not been published to date. In 2009, the average retail electricity price for a consumer was CHF 160 per MWh (1 CHF ~ US$ 1.2). This value compares to a relatively stable CHF 145-149 per MWh (1 CHF ~ US$ 1.2) for the years 2005-2008. 20.7.4 EstimateofNumberofPeopleEmployedinGeothermalSectorandNumber of New Jobs Created in 2010 There is no statistical data about employment in the Swiss geothermal sector. Previous estimates are likely to remain unchanged with some 150-200 people working in the sector, most of them in drilling, engineering or consulting companies. 20.8 Research Activities in 2010 20.8.1 Focusareas Shallow geothermal energy has proven to be successful in the market place and is therefore deemed less of a general priority in terms of federal government sponsored R&D. Instead, special topics are pursued, such as: design specifications of energy piles that account for coupling of mechanical and thermal loads, borehole heat exchanger fluids, and failure investigations. Most of federally administered funds for research and development are increasingly focused on advancing hydrothermal systems for direct use and power, and on pursuing further research into enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). 20.8.2 PubliclyFundedR&DintoGeothermalEnergy Only a subset of publicly funded R&D activities is listed in this section. A number of smaller research projects focus on measurement campaigns associated with large and complex geothermal ground source heat pump systems, and establishing best practice manuals regarding the use of borehole heat exchangers both for heating and cooling. The project underway at the Federal Institute of Technology at Lausanne (EPFL) deals with the impact of geotechnical effects on dimensioning of heat exchanger piles- today the lack of incorporating interactions of mechanical properties of the soil-foundation system, temperature and pore water into design concepts, may result in over-engineered, costly, and thus, less efficient heat exchange piles. Hydrothermal projects have continued to mature in all three major geothermal regions of Switzerland: (1) the Alpine Rhone Valley of the cantons of Vaud and Valais in South and South- East Switzerland (Figure 20.4) and (2) the Swiss Molasse Basin that traverses the country from the Lake of Constance in the North East (bordering Germany and Austria), to the Lake Geneva region in the South-West (bordering France). North-West Switzerland abuts the Upper Rhine Graben, a relatively prolific geothermal province. The city of Riehen and the city utility of Basel operate a geothermal district heating scheme which will be expanded in 2011. Operational challenges have curtailed geothermal hot water production in 2010. AGEPP- Alpine Geothermal Power Plant: The AGEPP project is located in the Rhone valley near the community Lavey-les-Bains, some 20 km south of Lake Geneva. Today, geothermal water of 67°C is produced from a 600 m deep well and used for a nearby spa and heating. Chemical analyses of the water have indicated a potential of geothermal water of up to 120 °C in this area. A 237PDF Image | Geothermal Research and Tech IEA
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