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incorporate other newer and less developed technologies at experimental level. However, the success of the policy to foster renewable energies over the coming years should be measured in terms of achievement of the established development objectives, and especially in terms of attaining these in a way compatible with the technical, economic and environmental sustainability of the energy system as a whole while fostering competition between technologies and their competitiveness with traditional sources, an aim which is ultimately the surest guarantee that a technology will remain stable over time as part of the energy mix. Specific indicators are defined to monitor all of this. The European Directive 2009/28/EC came into force in June 2009, to promote the use of energy from renewable sources. This Directive establishes binding national targets, which for Spain, are in line with those set for the entire European Union: 20% of gross final energy demand to be met using renewable energies by 2020 and 10% in the transport sector, and demands that renewable be integrated into other sectors such as construction and urban development. This Directive also expressly refers to the positive externalities of these sources (clean and home-grown energies) and guarantees the use and control of support systems by Member States to help meet these targets. The Directive forms part of the package of measures proposed by the European Commission in January 2008 and ratified by the European Council and Parliament that included as objectives for 2020 increasing the contribution of renewables to 20% of gross final energy demand and cutting greenhouse gas emissions by 20% compared to 1990 levels. These targets also exist in the context of a 20% improvement in energy efficiency by 2020. This is the so-called 20-20-20 package, which combines various measures aimed at reducing the European Union‘s energy dependence on the exterior and tackling climate change. Experts therefore consider that the Directive is extraordinarily valuable in ensuring the renewable sector continues to grow and gain market share. This new scenario in Europe gives rise to an energy policy which Spain embodied in 2010 in the 2011-2020 Renewable Energies Plan and the Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency Law, which, along with the Sustainable Economy Law, form the three basic pillars on which the sector‘s future is based. The work on the National Renewable Energy Action Plan for which IDAE is responsible, was published on 30 June 2010. However, in December 2009, Spain sent its forecast document to the Commission: this document states an initial estimate of the foreseeable trend in renewable energies in Spain up to 2020, is that the share of energy from renewable sources in Spain's gross final consumption of energy will rise from 10.5% in 2008 to 22.7% in 2020, compared with a target of 20% for Spain in 2020. Table 19.1 Forecast share of energy From RES in Spain‘s gross final consumption of energy in 2020. 216PDF Image | Geothermal Research and Tech IEA
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