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construction of the 56MW geothermal generation plant at Berlín as well as the stabilization and rehabilitation of the Ahuachapán plant. 5.2 Technical Challenges Waste Disposal El Salvador’s most pressing technical challenge in geothermal development was finding an affordable and practical solution for disposing waste liquid. This has been a chronic problem at the Berlín field, and today remains the greatest difficulty at this plant (Rodriguez, 2000). Data analysis has been done to determine appropriate locations for new injection wells; however ‘the problem of drilling successful wells for disposal of waste fluids has yet to be solved’ (Rodriguez, 2000). Sustaining well pressures The situation at Ahuachapán, as described in a previous section, was that of falling reservoir pressures due largely to insufficient reinjection. Today, though reservoir pressures have been stabilized, the power output from the plant is still well below capacity. The problem of maintaining the sustainability of the resource is common in geothermal power generation. The rate of extraction of the resource must be slow enough to ensure that the accessible reservoir is not depleted. Hot dry rock Hot dry rock formations at accessible depths contain the greatest potential source of geothermal energy (Mock et al). Shell is conducting research at the Berlín field with hot dry rock technologies. The challenge with this exploration is the general difficulty that exists in understanding the formation of the hot dry rock reservoir (Hooper & Duchane). 5.3 Environmental Challenges Waste disposal into Rio Paz An advantage of geothermal power generation for the environment is that the generation process emits very little pollutants such as sulphur, carbon dioxide and particulates. Nonetheless, the chemical composition of the waste liquid from the geothermal power plants can pose Spring 2004 The Geothermal Energy Industry of El Salvador 14 Janelle PrevostPDF Image | Geothermal Energy Industry of El Salvador
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