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4.2 Berlín The Berlín geothermal field is located in Eastern El Salvador, approximately 90km from San Salvador. It rests on the northern slopes of the Berlín-Tecapa Quaternary volcanic complex inside the Berlín Caldera (Rodriguez, 2000). Geothermal exploration in Berlín began in the 1960s by the United Nations, the Government of El Salvador, and the national electric utility company, Comisión Ejecutiva Hidroeléctrica del Río Lempa (CEL). During exploration, six wells were drilled to depths between 1400m and 2300m, (Huttrer). However, development of the Berlín site was soon halted, despite finding temperatures up to 230 ̊C, due to low permeability. During the early 1970s, focus shifted to Ahuachapán, which proved at the time to be more commercially exploitable. Figure 3 - Berlín Power Plant In the late 1970s and early 1980s, five more exploratory wells were drilled to depths between 2000 and 2380m. All of the wells proved to be productive, with temperatures of 300 ̊C, and estimated potential of 5-11MW each. However, the El Salvador civil conflict which spanned the rest of the 1980s decade, coupled with the overall financial crisis that Latin America faced during that time, halted all new power projects by the CEL. In 1992, however, at the end of the civil war, geothermal development recommenced with the installation of two 5MW plants at Berlín. Funding assistance was provided by the governments of France and Belgium. By 1993, the electricity demand in El Salvador was growing at a rapid annual rate of 12%, hence CEL decided to expand its power generating capacity to meet the growing demand. In 1996, CEL secured financing from the InterAmerican Development Bank for a 56MW (two 28MW units) condensing facility at Berlín. This plant was completed on July Janelle Prevost Spring 2004 The Geothermal Energy Industry of El Salvador 10PDF Image | Geothermal Energy Industry of El Salvador
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