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The first single-flash unit of 30MWe came online in Ahuachapán in 1975. In 1976, a second 30MWe single-flash unit was added, thereby doubling the generating capacity. In 1981 a third unit, this time double-flash, came online, bringing the total capacity to 95MWe. During the 1980s the Ahuachapán geothermal field was severely overworked. In 1981, 41% of El Salvador’s electricity demand was met by geothermal production, a peak which has never since been reached. This overuse occurred primarily because transmission lines from hydro fields in the North of El Salvador were continually damaged by guerrilla groups. This placed a prolonged, heightened demand for electricity from the geothermal field at Ahuachapán to make up for the reduced hydro output from the North. In addition, almost one third (DiPippo) of the waste liquid from the Ahuachapán plant was being discharged into the Pacific Ocean, instead of being reinjected to the reservoir source. The resulting decline in wellhead pressures and steam deliverability caused the power output to drop from 95MWe in 1985, to less than half its capacity – 45MWe – by 1994 (Huttrer). In 1996, a US $50 million project, the Ahuachapán Stabilizaion and Rehabilitation Project, funded by the InterAmerican Development Bank (IADB) was launched. The ultimate goal of the project is to ‘modernize the power plant while ensuring long-term production sustainability’ (Rodriguez and Herrera). It has four major components (Rodriguez; Rodriguez and Herrerra): a) drilling ten new production wells to the South of the production area, closer to the heat source and the recharge area; b) building a pipeline to inject brine into existing wells at Chipilapa, which is connected to the Ahuachapán reservoir. The goal is to reinject all waste brine into existing wells. c) constructing the gathering system from the new wells to the power plant and to injection wells; d) refurbishing some of the electrical and mechanical equipment in the power plant. This includes modifying turbogenerators to improve efficiency, and installing a fully computerized operating system. As Table 2 shows, the generation at Ahuachapán has been steady and growing slowly over the last five to six years, thus making the stabilizing projected a success. Spring 2004 The Geothermal Energy Industry of El Salvador 9 Janelle PrevostPDF Image | Geothermal Energy Industry of El Salvador
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