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Rural Employment Benefits Geothermal resources tend to be located in rural areas and require the support of the local workforce. For example, of the staff employed directly by one company at the Geysers Geothermal Complex in California, 425 full-time and 225 part-time employees are residents of the local community. Rural communities face many unique challenges. The lack of stable, secure, long-term jobs leads many young adults (usually those with the most education and the greatest earning potential) to emigrate, leaving a poorer, older, and smaller population behind. Many rural communities, including those in which geothermal facilities tend to be located, suffer from significantly higher unemployment rates than the general population. In 2004, California’s unemployment rate was 6.2%, but Siskiyou County, near the proposed Telephone Flat geothermal power plant, had an unemployment rate of 9.3%, more than one- third higher than the California average. The Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) found that “many rural Americans are at or below the national poverty level.” Unemployment in rural communities makes residents particularly susceptible to high levels of social and health-related problems—more so than their urban counterparts (see Green Jobs Through Geothermal Energy, October 2010, available at: http://geo-energy.org/reports.aspx). Wide Range of Jobs Created The development of geothermal resources provides long-term income for people with a diversity of job skills. This includes welders; mechanics; pipe fitters; plumbers; machinists; electricians; carpenters; construction and drilling equipment operators; surveyors; architects and designers; geologists; hydrologists; electrical, mechanical, and structural engineers; HVAC technicians; food processing specialists; aquaculture and horticulture specialists; managers; attorneys; regulatory and environmental consultants; accountants; computer technicians; resort managers; spa developers; researchers; and government employees who all play an important role in bringing geothermal energy online. While many of the types of jobs mentioned here are directly involved in developing a geothermal resource, growth in many of the industry’s “behind-the-scenes” sectors has been picking up. The increase in on-line geothermal capacity over the last ten years has similarly spurred growth in geothermal research and development activity by academic and government institutions. While it is currently unclear precisely how many additional jobs have been created in these sectors as a result of geothermal industry growth, it is apparent that more and more people are becoming involved in areas beyond direct power plant development. A Federal Interagency Geothermal Working Group, for example, is composed of 13 representatives from various offices within six government agencies. Also significant are the numerous colleges and universities around the country that are engaging in geothermal-related research extending from geological assessment to Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) development. The jobs involved in these areas are not within the scope of this report, but the increased attention being paid to geothermal energy in stages prior to and outside of resource development and construction are important to consider in characterizing geothermal employment. In short, the development of geothermal resources requires the support of many skilled laborers and professionals from different sectors during different stages of resource development. See, in particular, 5PDF Image | Geothermal Energy Association
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