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26 European Biogas Association (EBA), December 2013, based on contributions from the national biogas associations, provided by Agata Prządka, Technical Advisor, EBA, personal communication with REN21, 7 March 2014. 27 EBA, “Six national biomethane registries are developing the foundation for cross-border biomethane trade in Europe,” press release (Brussels: 25 November 2013), http://european-biogas. eu/2013/11/25/six-national-biomethane-registries-developing- foundation-cross-border-biomethane-trade-europe/; The EU supports upgrading of biogas to biomethane, per Green Gas Grids Web site, http://www.greengasgrids.eu/, viewed 16 May 2014. 28 See, for example, Asia Biogas Group, “Asia Biogas Overview,” updated 2013, http://www.eepindonesia.org/annfor2013/ files/4.%20Desmond%20G._Asia%20Biogas%20Group.pdf; GE and Clarke Energy, “GE, Clarke Energy supply Jenbacher engines to Africa biogas plant,” Biomass Magazine, 19 June 2013, http:// biomassmagazine.com/articles/9098/ge-clarke-energy-supply- jenbacher-engines-to-africa-biogas-plant. 29 Based on 83 GW of capacity at end-2012 (see GSR 2013); preliminary data from IEA, Medium-Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2014, op. cit. note 6; national-level data from the following: U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), Office of Energy Projects, “Energy Infrastructure Update for December 2013,” https://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/2013/ dec-energy-infrastructure.pdf; AGEE-Stat, op. cit. note 18; China National Renewable Energy Centre, “CNREC 2013 Activities within China National Renewable Energy Centre” (Beijing: March 2014); Brazilian electricity regulatory agency (ANEEL), 2013, provided by Maria Beatriz Monteiro, CENBIO, personal communication with REN21, 16 April 2014; IEA, Medium-Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2013, op. cit. note 6; Red Eléctrica de España (REE), “Potencia instalada Peninsular (MW),” as of 31 December 2013, http://www.ree.es; , and REE, “Demand for Electrical Energy Falls 2.1%,” 20 December 2013, http://www.ree.es/en/press-office/press-release/20131220- demand-electrical-energy-falls-21; Government of India, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), “Physical Progress (Achievements),” 31 December 2013, http://www.mnre.gov. in/mission-and-vision-2/achievements/, viewed January 2014; Directorate General for Energy and Geology (DGEG), provided by Lara Ferreira, Portuguese Renewable Energy Association, personal communication with REN21, May 2014; U.K. DECC, Statistics, Energy Trends Section 6: Renewables (London: 10 April 2014), p. 6, https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/ uploads/attachment_data/file/295356/6_Renewables.pdf; Institute for Sustainable Energy Policies (ISEP), Renewables Japan Status Report 2014 (Tokyo: March 2014) (in Japanese), data provided by Hironao Matsubara, ISEP, personal communication with REN21, 23 April 2014; based on data for 2008–2012 from ibid.; assumption that average annual growth during the period continued, and capacity factor achieved during 2012 applied in 2013, and on preliminary estimate for bio-power output in Italy during 2013 from IEA, Medium-Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2014, op. cit. note 8; Government Offices of Sweden, “Sweden's second progress report on the development of renewable energy pursuant to Article 22 of Directive 2009/28/ EC,” 23 December 2013, http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/ reports/2013_en.htm. 30 Preliminary estimates from IEA, Medium-Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2014, op. cit. note 8. 31 Based on preliminary data from ibid. 32 Based on a recorded 794 MW added for a total of 15.8 GW, from FERC, op. cit. note 29. 33 Total power from wood and waste from biogenic sources, across all sectors, was 59.894 TWh, from U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Monthly Energy Review (Washington, DC: April 2014), p. 95, http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/ pdf/mer.pdf. 34 EIA, “Electric power monthly with statistics to December 2013” (Washington, DC: 2014), Tables 1.18.B, 2.5.A, 2.6.A, 2.11.A, and 2.12.A, http://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/pdf/epm.pdf. 35 An estimated 10,807 MW was in operation at the end of 2012, and this increased to 11,423 MW during 2013; sugarcane bagasse increased its share of national generation from 6.7% to 6.85%, and black liquor from 0.98% to 1.12%, from ANEEL 2012 and 2013, data provided by Suani T. Coelho, CENBIO, personal communication with REN21, 16 April 2014. 36 Data based on the following sources: preliminary data from IEA, Medium-Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2014, op. cit. note 6; AGEE-Stat, op. cit. note 18; Luca Benedetti, Energy Studies and Statistics, Gestore dei Servizi Energetici - GSE S.p.A., Rome, personal communication with REN21, 16 May 2014; REE, op. cit. note 29; DGEG, op. cit. note 29; DECC, op. cit. note 29, p. 6; Réseau de Transport d'Électricité (RTE), Bilan Électrique 2013 (Paris: 2014), p. 21, http://www.rte-france.com/uploads/ Mediatheque_docs/vie_systeme/annuelles/Bilan_electrique/ bilan_electrique_2013.PDF; Government Offices of Sweden, op. cit. note 29; E-Control Austria, “Entwicklung der anerkannten ‘sonstigen’ Ökostromanlagen (exclusive Kleinwasskraft) von 2002–2013,” updated May 2014, http://www.e-control.at/portal/ page/portal/medienbibliothek/oeko-energie/dokumente/pdfs/ Entwicklung%20anerkannter%20%C3%96kostromanlagen%20 2002-2013_Tabelle_Stand%20Mai%202014.pdf. 37 Ibid. 38 Ibid. 39 AGEE-Stat, op. cit. note 18, p. 14. 40 Ibid. 41 Swedish Energy Agency (SEA), “Sweden's second progress report on the development of renewable energy pursuant to Article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC” (Stockholm: 2013); SEA, “Production and use of biogas 2012,” (Eskilstuna: 2013); MSW plants generated approximately 1.66 TWh of electricity and 21.3 PJ of useful heat, landfill gas plants 11 GWh and 0.34 PJ, sewage gas plants 18 GWh and 2.11 PJ, and other biogas plants 12 GWh and 2.1 PJ. RISI Wood Biomass Markets, “Biomass provides about one-third of Sweden’s power,” press release (Stockholm: 22 March 2013), http://www.woodbiomass.com/woodbiomass/news/East-Europe/ Wood-Pellets/Biomass-Sweden-power-bioenergy.html. However, preliminary data from the IEA (Medium-Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2014, op. cit. note 8) give 14.4 TWh from bioenergy in 2013, which is around 10% of total generation. 42 Lamers, op. cit. note 12. 43 Most of the remainder came from Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Balkan Peninsula countries. The United States exported 2.828 million tonnes of pellets to Europe in 2013, and Canada exported 2.093 million tonnes (see Reference Table R3) compared with 1.956 and 1.221 million tonnes, respectively, in 2012 (see Reference Table R3, GSR 2013); data from P. Lamers, Mountain View Research, Denver, CO, personal communication with REN 21, 9 January 2014. Pellet trading routes have changed little in the past two years; see Reference Table R4 and GSR 2012, p. 34. 44 EBA, op. cit. note 26. Details of many European biogas plants linked with biomethane injection can be found at “Biogas Partners,” a project developed by the German Energy Agency (DENA), per DENA, “Biomethane Injection Projects in Germany,” http://www.biogaspartner.de/en/project-map/list-of-projects- in-germany.html, viewed 15 May 2014. For example, Schmack Biogas has built a 22,000 m3 digester designed to handle silage feedstock produced from hop residues collected from 174 farms in the region after harvesting the flowers for beer making. The project is a joint venture between the energy company E.ON and the local hop producer HGV, with the biogas being scrubbed and then injected into the natural gas grid. “Biogas 2.0 – Innovative plant design,” BE Sustainable, January 2014, p. 21, http://issuu.com/besustainablemagazine/docs/ be-sustainable-january_2014-single. 45 German Biogas Association (Fachverband Biogas e.V.), “Branchenzahlen – Prognose 2013/2014” (Freising, Germany: November 2013), http://www.biogas.org/edcom/webfvb. nsf/id/DE_Branchenzahlen/$file/13-11-11_Biogas%20 Branchenzahlen_2013-2014.pdf. 46 A. Sherrard, “Growth top priority,” Bioenergy International, vol. 70, no. 1 (2014), p. 31, http://www.exakta.se/x-online/ bioenergi/2014/1401/#/30/. 47 SEA, “Sweden’s second progress report ...,” op. cit. note 41. 48 Economic Net Energy, “Biomass Power Industry or Out of the ‘Quagmire’,” Bio on News, 4 December 2013, http://www.bioon.com/bioindustry/bioenergy/587619.shtml (using Google Translate). 49 RISI Wood Biomass Markets, “China Ramping up Biomass Power Production Capacity,” 2 April 2014, http://www.woodbiomass. com/woodbiomass/news/Asia-Pacific/Wood-Energy/China- biomass-power.html; data from CNREC, op. cit. note 29. 50 MNRE, op. cit. note 29. See also Akshay-Urja, MNRE bi-monthly magazine, September-December 2013, http://mnre.gov.in/ RENEWABLES 2014 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT 153 02PDF Image | About ElectraTherm
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