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CSP from REE, op. cit. note 5, updated March 2014; 241 MW of ocean energy from IEA-OES, Annual Report 2011 (Lisbon: OES Secretary, 2011), Table 6.1, p. 122. In addition to references for Brazil, India, and China, BRICS from the following: Russia based on 46.7 GW of hydropower from System Operator of the Unified Energy System of Russia, Report on the Unified Energy System in 2013 (Moscow: undated), http://www.so-ups.ru/fileadmin/files/ company/reports/disclosure/2014/ups_rep2013.pdf; 15 MW wind from EWEA, op. cit. note 36; 1.5 GW bio-power from IEA, Medium- Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2013, op. cit. note 1; 97 GW geothermal power from GEA, op. cit. note 5; and a small amount of ocean energy capacity. South Africa based on about 680 MW of hydropower (not including pumped storage), from Hydro4Africa, “African Hydropower Database—South Africa,” http://hydro4africa. net/HP_database/country.php?country=South%20Africa, viewed 9 May 2014; 102 MW of wind from WWEA, op. cit. note 34; 30 MW solar PV from EScience Associates, Urban-Econ Development Economists, and from Chris Ahlfeldt, The Localisation Potential of Photovoltaics (PV) and a Strategy to Support Large Scale Roll-Out in South Africa, prepared for the South African Department of Trade and Industry, March 2013, p. x, http://www.sapvia.co.za; 25 MW bio-power based on IEA, Medium-Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2013, op. cit. note 1. 50 Based on data and sources in previous endnotes in this section for Germany and Spain, population data for 2012 from World Bank, “World development indicators – Population (total),” 2014, http:// data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL, viewed 7 March 2014. Sources also include the following: Denmark based on 9 MW of hydropower from IJHD, op. cit. note 49; 4,772 MW of wind power from EWEA, op. cit. note 36; 532 MW of solar PV from IEA-PVPS, op. cit. note 1; 1.6 GW of bio-power is a projection from 2013 from IEA, Medium-Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2013, op. cit. note 1, p. 75, based on 1.4 GW in 2012 from idem. Portugal based on 5 GW of hydropower from IJHD, op. cit. note 49; 4,724 MW of wind power from EWEA, op. cit. note 36; 284 MW of solar PV from IEA-PVPS, op. cit. note 1; 2,591 MW of bio-power from DGEG, op. cit. note 49. Sweden based on 16.2 GW of hydropower from IJHD, op. cit. note 49; 4,470 MW of wind power from EWEA, op. cit. note 36; 43 MW of solar PV from IEA-PVPS, op. cit. note 1; about 4.3 GW of bio-power based on 4,055 MW in 2012, up from 3,401 MW in 2011, from Government Offices of Sweden, op. cit. note 49, and on additions in 2013 including: 180 MW (CHP) from “Biomass Power Plants in Sweden,” Power plants around the world, based on data from Platts UDI World Electric Power Plants Data Base, updated 27 April 2014, http://www.industcards.com/biomass-sweden.htm, and a CHP plant (20 MW electric/60 MW heat), from Fortum, "Fortum inaugurates new waste-to-energy combined heat and power plant in Sweden," press release (Stockholm: 29 November 2013), http:// www.fortum.com/en/mediaroom/pages/fortum-inaugurates-new- waste-to-energy-combined-heat-and-power-plant-in-sweden.aspx 51 Based on investment data in FS-UNEP Centre and BNEF, op. cit. note 16, and on 2012 gross domestic product (GDP) in current U.S. dollars, from World Bank, “World development indicators - GDP (current US$)”, updated April 2014, http://data.worldbank.org/ indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. 52 Based on data and sources in previous endnotes in this section, and global data including the following: 1,000 GW of hydropower from IHA, op. cit. note 1; from preliminary estimates in IEA, Medium- Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2014, op. cit. note 1; and from HEA, op. cit. note 47; 318 GW of wind from GWEC, op. cit. note 1, from WWEA, op. cit note 34, and from Navigant Research, op. cit. note 1, Executive Summary; 139 GW of solar PV from IEA-PVPS, op. cit. note 1, from Masson, op. cit. note 1; 88 GW of bio-power based on based on 83 GW of capacity at end-2012 (see GSR 2013), preliminary data from IEA, Medium-Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2014, op. cit. note 1, and national level data from the following: FERC, op. cit. note 47; AGEE-Stat, op. cit. note 47; CNREC, op. cit. note 47; ANEEL, op. cit. note 47; IEA, Medium- Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2013, op. cit. note 1; REE, op. cit. note 5, updated March 2014; MNRE, “Physical Progress (Achievements),” op. cit. note 49; DGEG, op. cit. note 48; DECC , op. cit. note 49, p. 6; ISEP, Renewables Japan Status Report 2014 (Tokyo: March 2014) (in Japanese), data provided by Hironao Matsubara, ISEP, personal communication with REN21, 23 April 2014; Benedetti, op. cit. note 49; Government Offices of Sweden, op. cit. note 49; 12 GW of geothermal from GEA, op. cit. note 5; 3.4 GW of CSP from REN21, op. cit. note 1; Crespo, op. cit. note 5; Fred Morse, Morse Associates, Inc., personal communication with REN21, February and May 2014; “CSP World Map,” op. cit. note 5; “CSP Today Global Tracker,” op. cit. note 5; NREL, “Concentrating Solar Power Projects,” http://www.nrel.gov/csp/solarpaces/; SEIA, “Solar Energy Facts: 2013 Year in Review,” op. cit. note 47; SEIA, “Major Solar Projects in the United States: Operating, Under Construction, or Under Development,” op. cit. note 47; “NextEra dedicates 250 MW Genesis CSP Plant,” op. cit. note 47; Abengoa Solar, “Mojave Solar Project,” op. cit. note 47; and 0.5 GW of ocean energy from OES, Annual Report 2012 (Lisbon: 2012), Table 6.1, http://www.ocean-energy-systems.org/oes_reports/ annual_reports/2012_annual_report/; OES, Annual Report 2013 (Lisbon: 2013), Table 6.2, http://www.ocean-energy-systems.org/ documents/82577_oes_annual_report_2013.pdf/; IEA, op. cit. note 5, p. 179, and other sources provided in Ocean Energy section. 53 CEC, op. cit. note 39; FS-UNEP Centre and BNEF, op. cit. note 16, p. 25. 54 More than 20% from Geng Dan, op. cit. note 47. Note that electricity generation from wind power was up 36.3% and from solar PV up 143% over 2012, from CEC, op. cit. note 39. 55 EWEA, op. cit. note 36, p. 6. 56 Union of the Electricity Industry–EURELECTRIC, Utilities: Powerhouses of Innovation (Brussels: 2013), p. 14, http://www. eurelectric.org/media/79178/utilties_powerhouse_of_innovation_ full_report_final-2013-104-0001-01-e.pdf. In 2013, total fossil power capacity declined by 11 GW due to decommissioning, whereas total renewable capacity increased by more than 24 GW, based on 35,181 MW of gross power capacity additions, 21,834 MW of capacity decommissioned (of which 10,146 MW was natural gas; 7,723 MW was coal; 2,792 MW was fuel oil; and the remainder a combination of biomass, wind power, hydropower, and waste), and an estimated 25,450 MW of renewable capacity from EWEA, op. cit. note 36, p. 6. 57 Hydropower output was down 2.6% over the year; non-hydro renewables represented just under half of total renewable output, from EIA, Monthly Energy Review, March 2014, Table 7.2a “Electricity Net Generation: Total (All Sectors),” p. 95, http://www. eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/previous.cfm. 58 Coal’s share was down 18.9% based on all electricity generation in the United States, including the electric power sector and other sectors, from ibid. 59 Sofia Martinez, Instituto para la Diversificación y Ahorro de la Energía (IDAE), Spain, personal communication with REN21, 7 April 2014. Wind generated 20.9% versus nuclear’s 20.8%, according to advance report of the system operator REE, op. cit. note 40. 60 Capacity added based on nearly 0.4 GW of bio-power capacity from MNRE, “Physical Progress (Achievements),” op. cit. note 49; 554 MW of large-scale hydropower (>25 MW) from CEA, Executive Summary of the Power Sector (monthly), at www.cea.nic.in/ exesum_cood.html; 267 MW of small-scale hydropower based on difference of year-end 2013 figure (above) and year-end 2012 figure (3,496.15 MW) from MNRE, Annual Report 2012-2013, op. cit. note 49, Table 3.7; 1,115 MW of solar PV from IEA-PVPS, op. cit. note 1; 50 MW of CSP from Jenny Muirhead, “MENA Shows Patience Towards Delay in CSP Projects,” Weekly Intelligence Brief: July 15–July 22, CSP Today, 22 July 2013, http://social.csptoday.com/ markets/weekly-intelligence-brief-july-15-%E2%80%93-july-22; 1,729 MW of wind from GWEC, op. cit. note 1. Total capacity based on about 4.4 GW of bio-power from MNRE, “Physical Progress (Achievements),” op. cit. note 49; total large-scale hydro capacity of 39,893.4 MW from CEA, installed capacity as of 31 December 2013, http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/inst_capacity/dec13. pdf, and http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/hydro/list_he__stations.pdf; small hydropower facilities capacity of 3,763.15 MW from MNRE, Annual Report 2012-2013, op. cit. note 49; 2,200 MW of solar PV from IEA-PVPS, op. cit. note 1; 50 MW of CSP from Muirhead, op. cit. this note; and 20,150 MW of wind from GWEC, op. cit. note 1. 61 Based on data in previous endnote. 62 Ibid., and total electric generating capacity added during 2013 of 22,977.9 MW, from CEA, provided by Shirish Garud, TERI, personal communication with REN21, 27 April 2014. 63 Sawyer, op. cit. note 40. 64 Figure of 4.7 GW from Sawyer, op. cit. note 40, 14 April 2014; year-end commissioned capacity from GWEC, op. cit. note 1, p. 24; grid-connected from ANEEL, cited in “Capacidade instalada para energia eólica cresce 20% no Brasil,” Jornal da Energia, 1 April 2014, http://www.portalabeeolica.org.br/index.php/noticias/1739- capacidade-instalada-para-energia-eólica-cresce-20-no-brasil. html (using Google Translate). 65 Decline in investment from in FS-¬UNEP Centre and BNEF, op. cit. note 16; increase in capacity added in 2013 relative to 2012 from Masson, op. cit. note 1, and EPIA, Global Market Outlook for RENEWABLES 2014 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT 147 01PDF Image | About ElectraTherm
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