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80 common to all machines are: 70 60 40 30 ••• turbine volute casting, generator stator housing casting, upper and lower bearing pedestal casting, shaft forging, upper and lower journal bearing assemblies Two machines operating in parallel will cover the range up to 5000 kW, as shown in Figure 9. It was stated previously that the average size for ORC systems in refineries will be between 2100 and 2400 kW. Individual ORC systems may range from 730 to 4700 kW. Figure 9 shows that the standard tur bine generator unit described herein is well matched to these requirements. 200 400 Figure 7 Test Results: Overall Efficiency of 1000 kW Turbine-Generator Unit FRAME SIZES AND COMMONALITY OF PARTS The turbine generator has been designed for use over a power range from 750 to 2500 kW, with a high commonality of parts between machines of different ratings. The machine rating will be related to the waste heat source temperature and total available heat. These quantities determine the turbine inlet temperature and mass flow. The turbine wheel tip diameter and flow-passage height, in addition to the unit power level, are established from inlet tempera ture and mass flow. It was found that a selection of 5 turbine wheel castings will serve the antici pated range of turbine inlet temperature, flow and power, within an acceptable band of turbine effi ciency. The application domains of the standard turbine wheels are shown in Figure 8. 5000 4000 JOOO T~ Parallel Uni•• 3000 2500 2000 1000 500 ~60~-I~80~~200~-2~2~O-~24~O~-2!!'i1!60 Turbine Inlet Temperature, OF Turbine Wheel 0.0. MTI 802602 Figure 9 Electric Power Output vs Turbine Inlet Temperature for Single and Double Unit Systems In addition to using two machines in parallel, two units can be used in a series system as shown in Figure 10. 325 300 275 250 f225 :s e !2OO 175 150 125 l00~_L.-_L....-_L.-_L.-_,L:,-L.........J Figure 8 Turbine Power vs Frame Size and Turbine Inlet Temperature Three back-bore diameters and five stack lengths for the generator stator lamination stack will pro vide generator capacities from 750 to 2500 kW. The rotors for all machines will employ the same shaft forging, journal sizes, same bearing span. Parts o 20 40 60 80 125 Q. Btu/hr MTI 802600 • Data Point 600 800 1000 Output Power (kWe) 802098 521 Proceedings from the Third Industrial Energy Technology Conference Houston, TX, April 26-29, 1981 ~ . z ... _------1 2000 1000 OMUnic Turbine Inlel Temperalure. of If Figure 10 Heat Flow Diagram for Two-Pressure, Series Evaporator Systems ESL-IE-81-04-90 MTI 80260aPDF Image | ORC WASTE HEAT RECOVERY IN REFINERIES AND CHEMICAL Process
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